This review synthesizes recent progress in elucidating the molecular basis of auxin signaling under biotic stress, with an emphasis on hormone interactions, regulatory networks, and downstream defense responses.
Traditional breeding and modern techniques like Marker-Assisted Selection, Genetic Engineering, Genome Editing and Genomic Selection are used to identify and integrate desirable traits into new crop varieties, enabling breeders to develop more robust and stable crops.
Plants continuously face fluctuating environmental conditions, requiring tightly coordinated regulatory systems to balance growth and stress responses. This review synthesizes current knowledge on phytohormones as central integrators of plant-microbiome interactions, highlighting their dual role as internal regulators and ecological gatekeepers that shape microbiome assembly and function. Phytohormones, such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonates, dynamically regulate plant development, immunity, and rhizosphere chemistry, thereby influencing microbial recruitment and activity. In turn, plant-associated microbes actively modulate hormonal pathways through biosynthesis, degradation, and interference with signaling and transport processes, thereby reconfiguring plant physiological responses. Emerging evidence demonstrates that these interactions underpin microbial priming, enabling enhanced responsiveness to subsequent stresses without constitutive defense costs. Such primed states are frequently associated with epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which contribute to stress memory and may persist across generations. We propose that microbiome-driven hormonal regulation represents a key mechanism for plant adaptation to environmental stress and that its integration can offer promising opportunities to enhance resilience, reduce agrochemical dependence, and improve agricultural sustainability under climate change.
A. S. F. Araujo, Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes, L. Martins et al.· Journal of Experimental Bota...· 0 citations
Overall, BRs represent promising targets for improving crop stress resilience; however, optimizing BR-mediated strategies and validating their long-term performance under diverse field conditions will be essential for their successful application in sustainable agriculture.
R. Jan, Shahzad Iqbal, Sajad Ali et al.· Plants· 0 citations
Aphids are one of the important agricultural pests causing substantial yield losses in crops grown across the globe. Aphids are known to cause direct feeding damages and indirect losses due to sooty mold development and plant virus transmission. Plants respond to these attacks by mounting a complex defense response at the infested sites and systemic levels. This multilayered defense response involves a highly coordinated network of phytohormones and other signalling components like Ca2+, mitogen activated protein kinases and reactive oxygen species. Key to these complex responses is a well-regulated gene expression involving several transcription factors. A wide range of transcription factors are structurally and functionally characterized across some model plants and in a few agronomically important crops. These transcription factors play diverse roles such as defense gene expression modulation, regulation of hormone signaling, secondary metabolism, oxidative stress response, cell wall modifications, and phloem-based defense. Understanding the integration of signaling pathways, hormone crosstalk, and transcription factor mediated regulation provides a framework for practical applications, including breeding, genome editing, and elicitor-based strategies. This review highlights how plant defense signaling and transcriptional regulation against aphids can be harnessed to develop sustainable and novel pest management solutions.
V. Patil, Rizwana Rehsawla, Apurba K. Barman· Stress Biology· 0 citations
This review synthesizes the significant advancements made over the past decade in understanding JA's role in regulating plant development and mediating responses to environmental stresses, areas that lacked systematic review in previous years.
Rui Wang, Teja Manda, A. Movahedi et al.· Functional Plant Biology· 0 citations
A roadmap for predictive reprogramming of flavonoid networks under combined stress and the development of crops with improved resilience to increasingly complex environmental conditions is outlined.
Aiman Hina, A. Abbasi, Amna Chaudhry et al.· Frontiers in Plant Science· 0 citations
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