Differential Indo-Pacific SST warming and its dynamical control on monsoon depression genesis and Indian summer monsoon rainfall

Multiscale drivers governing extreme rainfall in the Indo-Pacific region during boreal winter 2025

Marine heatwaves in the Northern Indian Ocean as an emerging driver of Indian Summer Monsoon variability

Understanding the interdecadal change in the tropical Asian summer monsoon onset timing: A perspective from the basin-scale shifting of Indo-Pacific warming pattern

The influence of linear ENSO-independent Pacific variability on the East Asian summer monsoon and its predictability

Multiscale ENSO–IOD–MJO Interactions Modulating Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Variability

The Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) is strongly influenced by large-scale climate variability associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). While the individual influences of these climate modes on the monsoon are well established,...

Role of External Forcing and Internal Variability on the Delayed Withdrawal of Indian Summer Monsoon in Recent Decades

The timing of withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) experienced a statistically significant delay in recent decades, leading to the lengthening of monsoon rainy season over north-west India. The late withdrawal is aided by the concomitant strengthening of the ISM circulation and precipitation activity at th...