The data demonstrate that MRO is poised to play a role in the coordination of periovulatory events through the EGF and progesterone signaling pathways through the EGF and progesterone pathways.
Abstract
Maestro (MRO) is a transcription factor that has a role in regulating gene expression. The MRO expression pattern was examined in a unique set of human granulosa cells (GCs) and follicles collected across the ovulatory period of a natural menstrual cycle. MRO mRNA was elevated (70-fold) in women during the early ovulatory phase (12h to ≤18h post hCG administration; LH analog) and remained elevated (35-fold) in the late ovulatory phase (>18h to ≤ 34h) when compared to the preovulatory state (before the LH surge). Immunohistochemistry of whole follicles from women demonstrated positive MRO signal in GCs during the early and late ovulatory phases. Employing a cultured human granulosa luteal cell (hGLCs) model, we further examined MRO regulation in human granulosa cells from IVF patients. Treating hGLCs in vitro with hCG elevated MRO expression by 22-fold at 6h, 48-fold at 12h, and then expression slightly decreased to 13-fold at 24h. Similarly, the strongest MRO protein expression was detected at 12h. Next, LH/hCG signaling pathways regulating MRO expression were investigated using inhibitors specific to each signaling pathway. Our data revealed that hCG regulated MRO expression through LH-dependent classical signaling pathways such as PKA, PKC, and PI3K, with MAPK partially regulating its expression. Moreover, the EGF and progesterone pathways, important in the periovulatory period, were found to be involved in MRO regulation. These data, taken together, demonstrate that MRO is poised to play a role in the coordination of periovulatory events through the EGF and progesterone signaling pathways.
This study constructed a pH-responsive P-TN/SF@Fe-Cur composite coating that demonstrated significant anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pro-angiogenic, and pro-osteogenic effects in rat subcutaneous infection and femoral defect models.
ProteinReasoner is developed, a multimodal generative protein foundation model that sequentially connects amino acid sequence, evolutionary constraints and three-dimensional structure within a shared autoregressive architecture and suggests a general route towards reasoning across interdependent representations in other scientific domains.
Chaozhong Liu, Linlin Chao, Shaomin Ji et al.· bioRxiv· 1 citation
Due to its importance and wide adoption, wheat cultivation is promptly required to shift towards sustainable practices, reducing the dependency on chemical components. Among bio-based solutions aimed at securing the sustainability of wheat cultivation, biostimulants offer a versatile platform of eco-friendly tools assuring sustainability and profitability. Microalgae present a concrete example of a biostimulant source due to their richness in metabolites and high value products. Therefore, this study evaluated the biostimulant potential of eleven eco-extracts prepared from soil-isolated microalgae strains. Eco-extracts applied via soil drench at low dose (0.1 g/L) were investigated for their biostimulant effects on wheat growth, physiology, yield, and quality under controlled conditions. Results demonstrated significant ameliorations in treated plants as compared to the control, with no phytoinhibitory effects. Remarkable enhancements were notable in growth parameters such as shoot and root lengths (+40-70%), physiological traits such as total chlorophyll and stomatal conductance (+7-52%), yield components in the example of grain number per spike and thousand grain weight (+17-103%), and grain quality namely protein and polyphenol content (+2-fold to 4-fold). Similarly, phosphorus accumulation and uptake were significantly improved, while soil physicochemical status was ameliorated, indicating enhanced fertility. Multivariate analysis and composite index ranking marked Chlorella sp. GA18, Chlorella sp. GA65, Scenedesmus sp. GA69, and Chlorococcum sp. GA63 as eco-extracts with consistent performances across all plant traits. These findings highlighted the promising potential of integrating microalgae-based eco-friendly extracts in sustainable wheat cultivation.
Amer Chabili, Z. Hakkoum, F. Minaoui et al.· Plant Science· 1 citation
Effective control of fluid flows is critical across transportation, energy and medicine, where it can increase lift, reduce drag, enhance mixing and attenuate noise1-3. Yet fluids are notoriously difficult to control because they involve high-dimensional, nonlinear and multiscale dynamics that resist conventional approaches4-6. Reinforcement learning has driven remarkable progress in fields such as protein folding and complex games, which have shared benchmarks and standardized environments7-10. Fluid dynamics has lacked such infrastructure, so each controller is typically tuned to a single geometry and operating condition, making progress difficult to accumulate, transfer and compare11-13. Here we introduce HydroGym, a solver-independent reinforcement learning platform providing more than 60 validated, openly available flow control environments spanning from canonical laminar flows to complex turbulent flows, with systematic progression in the Reynolds number up to Re = 4 × 105, and Mach number variations in two and three dimensions. Across these environments, agents repeatedly discover robust control principles, including boundary layer manipulation, disruption of acoustic feedback and reorganization of turbulent wakes. Critically, we demonstrate a proof of concept for zero-shot transfer, in which agents that are trained exclusively in inexpensive surrogate environments are deployed to challenging real-world scenarios such as a three-dimensional wing section. We achieve a 38% reduction in local skin friction while reducing exploration costs by four orders of magnitude compared with direct on-wing optimization. As this transfer exploits shared near-wall physics, the breadth of generalization remains open, suggesting a new pathway for research toward policy generalization across computationally prohibitive simulation environments. By offering a common, extensible foundation for reproducible research, HydroGym moves flow control from isolated case studies toward a cohesive community effort.
Christian Lagemann, Sajeda Mokbel, Miro Gondrum et al.· Nature· 1 citation
Results identify Cryaa as a critical regulator of ER stress and demonstrate that its reduction promotes UPR activation and subsequent photoreceptor apoptosis in the rd9 model, revealing a key role for Cryaa in XLRP pathology and may provide a novel therapeutic perspective for this disease.
Mingzhu Yang, Ruiqi Qiu, S. Yao et al.· Cell Death & Disease· 0 citations
Current evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and ER-mitochondrial crosstalk to the pathogenesis of chronic pain is summarized and their potentials as therapeutic targets are discussed.
A. Yadawa, Sufang Liu, F. Tao· Brain Science· 0 citations