Jul 2026· International Journal of Current Science Research and Review· Vol 09· 0 citations
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is a short-duration pulse crop of global importance, valued for its nutritional quality, nitrogen-fixing ability, and adaptability to semi-arid climates. In Afghanistan, particularly under Kabul agro-climatic conditions, productivity remains below global averages due to poor soil fertility, limited access to improved varieties, and inadequate nutrient management. This review synthesizes recent evidence (2022–2026) on organic and inorganic fertilizer practices in mung bean cultivation. Organic amendments such as poultry manure at higher application rates (8–10 t ha⁻¹) significantly enhance vegetative growth, pod formation, and grain yield [1,2,4]. Inorganic NPK fertilizers provide immediate nutrient availability but risk long-term soil degradation if applied alone [3,6]. Integrated nutrient management (INM), combining mineral fertilizers with organic inputs, improves soil fertility, microbial activity, and sustainability, offering superior productivity outcomes [7,11,12]. Improved varieties such as Enam demonstrate positive responses under INM strategies, underscoring the importance of genotype × environment × management interactions [2,5,9]. Recent studies highlight biofertilizers and micronutrient supplementation as promising approaches to further enhance nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and seed quality [3,8,10]. Key research gaps remain in varietal performance, soil fertility constraints, and region-specific INM practices. Adoption of integrated fertilizer management can substantially improve mung bean productivity and soil health in Kabul and similar semi-arid regions, contributing to food security and sustainable agriculture.
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is a short‑duration legume of high nutritional and agronomic importance, particularly suited to semi‑arid regions such as Kabul, Afghanistan. Despite its potential, mung bean productivity in Afghanistan remains below global averages, constrained by poor soil fertility, limited varietal development, and inadequate crop management practices. This review synthesizes Kabul University research and global literature, focusing on the comparative impacts of organic and inorganic fertilizer practices on mung bean yield attributes. Organic fertilizers such as farmyard manure, compost, and humic‑acid enriched biomass enhance soil structure, microbial activity, and long‑term fertility, whereas inorganic fertilizers supply rapid nutrient availability but risk soil degradation if used exclusively. Evidence from Kabul trials demonstrated that humic‑acid enriched organic fertilizer (OF2) produced superior plant height, grain number per pod, seed yield, and biological yield compared to NPK and control treatments, underscoring its relevance for semi‑arid Kabul conditions. Integrated nutrient management (INM), combining organic and inorganic inputs, offers synergistic benefits by balancing productivity with sustainability. However, adoption in Afghanistan is constrained by economic limitations, weak extension services, and limited varietal testing. This review concludes that INM represents the most sustainable pathway for mung bean cultivation in Kabul’s semi‑arid environment, while highlighting research gaps in varietal response, soil fertility restoration, and farmer adoption strategies.
Abdul Ghayas Sadiqi, Mohammad Daud Haidari· International Journal of Cur...· 0 citations
Pearl millet is an important climate-resilient cereal crop; however, its productivity remains below potential due to inefficient nitrogen management and widespread zinc deficiency, particularly in the light-textured soils of semi-arid Punjab. Therefore, there is a need to develop an integrated nitrogen and zinc management strategy to enhance nutrient-use efficiency, crop productivity, soil fertility, and economic returns. Based on this, a field experiment was conducted during kharif 2024 and 2025 at Guru Kashi University, Punjab, India, to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and zinc levels on growth, yield, nutrient uptake, soil fertility, and economics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with ten treatments comprising different nitrogen levels (80, 100 and 120% recommended dose) applied alone and in combination with zinc at 8 and 10 kg/ha. Integrated application of the recommended nitrogen dose with 100% RDN + 10 kg Zn/ha significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation, effective tillers, grain and stover yield, nutrient uptake, and economic returns over the control. Soil pH, EC, and organic carbon remained unaffected, while available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc showed slight improvement. Higher nitrogen application beyond the recommended dose did not provide additional yield benefits, emphasizing the importance of balanced fertilization. The study indicates that 100% RDN + 10 kg Zn/ha is an effective, sustainable, and economically viable nutrient management strategy for pearl millet under semi-arid Punjab conditions.
Harmanpreet Singh, K. Bansal, Sanjay Kumar et al.· Research on Crops· 0 citations
Wheat productivity is constrained by declining soil fertility and low nutrient-use efficiency resulting from the continuous dependence on chemical fertilizers. Integrated Nutrient Management, through the judicious integration of organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient sources, offers a sustainable approach to enhance crop growth, yield, soil health, and long-term productivity; however, its effectiveness in combination with nano-fertilizers requires further evaluation. Therefore, a field experiment was planned during the Rabi season of 2024-25 and 2025-26, at the research farm of Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana. The experiment was laid out in a two-factorial randomized block design with three replications. Factor A comprised two wheat varieties (WH 1270 and DBW 222), while Factor B consisted of eight nutrient management treatments involving RDF, vermicompost (2 t/ha), foliar nano urea (1250 mL/ha), foliar nano DAP (1250 mL/ha), and Azotobacter applied alone or in combination. The pooled data revealed that the variety DBW 222 showed significantly higher plant height (94.34 cm), number of tillers/meter row length (65.77), DMA/meter row length (224.82 g), LAI (5.56), spike length (9.84 cm), grains/spikes (48.31), effective tillers/m2 (300.80), test weight (40.27 g), grain yield (5042 kg/ha) and straw yield (6651 kg/ha) over variety WH 1270. Among various nutrient combinations, maximum plant height (104.65 cm), number of tillers/meter row length (70.51), DMA/meter row length (251.73 g), LAI (6.18), spike length (10.88 cm), grains/spikes (51.37), effective tillers/m2 (322.57), test weight (42.21 g), grain yield (5642 kg/ha) and straw yield (7439 kg/ha) was recorded with treatment T3 (100% RDF with vermicompost @ 2t/ha) which was found at par with T5 and T4. These treatments were found superior over T2, T6, T8 and T7. The least were found in T1
Sanjeev Kumar, I.S. Singh· Research on Crops· 0 citations
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important legume crop that plays a strategic role as a source of plant-based protein, a functional food ingredient, and an adaptive crop widely cultivated in various tropical and subtropical regions. Mung bean are a legume crop with high agronomic potential, mung bean productivity still faces several challenges, particularly due to climate change and rainfall patterns. These environmental changes can reduce water availability in agricultural lands and increase the risk of drought stress. Low water availability is one of the primary limiting factors in mung bean cultivation because it impedes overall plant performance, such as growth, phenological development, and physiological functions. Water deficit can disrupt plant biological processes through reduced tissue water status, impaired nutrient uptake and distribution, decreased metabolic activity, and increased oxidative stress, which eventually leads to reduced productivity. Under drought stress conditions, potassium (K) plays a crucial role as an essential nutrient that helps improve plant tolerance to water limitations. Potassium contributes to maintaining osmotic balance, improve water use efficiency, support physiological stability, and strengthening plant adaptation mechanisms against drought stress. Therefore, proper potassium management can be a potential strategy to improve mungbean resilience and maintain plant performance under low water availability conditions.
Eka Kartina, Zavira Nurul Rachmaniar, Aep Wawan Irwan et al.· Gunung Djati Conference Seri...· 0 citations
Black gram [Vigna mungo (L.)] is an important pulse crop widely cultivated for its high protein content, nitrogen-fixing ability and contribution to soil fertility improvement. However, the productivity of black gram is often constrained by nutrient imbalance, poor soil fertility and increasing abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. Silicon (Si), although not recognized as an essential plant nutrient, has gained considerable attention because of its beneficial role in enhancing plant growth, nutrient-use efficiency, stress tolerance and crop productivity. Therefore, integrated use of silicon with organic and inorganic nutrient sources has emerged as a promising strategy for improving growth, yield, grain quality and sustainability in pulse-based cropping systems. This review work was carried out at the faculty of agricultural sciences, GLA University and the School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University. A systematic cum integrative review of research work conducted in different parts of the world, particularly in India, was comprehended. The literature search was conducted during 2024-2025. About 180 review and research papers were screened from various databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, ARCC journals, Web of Science and other scientific repositories, out of which relevant published papers were critically analyzed and used for preparation of this review manuscript. The reviewed studies demonstrated that integrated application of silicon with organic and inorganic nutrient sources significantly improved growth parameters, yield attributes, nutrient uptake, grain quality and post-harvest soil health in black gram and related crops. Silicon application enhanced plant height, root and shoot growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient absorption and stress tolerance under adverse environmental conditions. Improved yield performance was associated with better water-use efficiency, balanced nutrient availability and enhanced physiological activities. Silicon-mediated improvement in grain quality, including higher protein content and improved mineral composition, was also reported. Furthermore, integrated nutrient management practices involving silicon contributed to improved soil microbial activity, nutrient cycling, organic carbon accumulation and long-term soil fertility. The findings indicate that silicon-based integrated nutrient management can serve as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for improving productivity, quality and resilience of black gram production systems.
Rohit Kumar, Narendar Jannu, Nilotpal Das et al.· Legume Research An Internati...· 0 citations
Integrated organic–inorganic soil amendments have been proposed as a strategy to improve soil fertility while maintaining crop productivity, yet their effects on seasonal nutrient dynamics and chile (Capsicum annuum L.) performance remain unclear. Two chile cultivars (‘NuMex Odyssey’, ‘NuMex Sandia Select’) were tested to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic amendments on soil nutrient dynamics, chile vegetative growth, and fruit yield and dimensions across key growth stages. The amendments included an unamended control (CK), half-rate (CF) and full-rate (CFCF) chemical fertilizer, and three integrated amendments consisting of composted manure–biochar blend (CFMB), composted manure (CFM), and pea residues (CFP) applied at a 1:1 ratio with chemical fertilizer on a plant-available nitrogen (PAN) basis. CFCF produced the highest early-season availability of N, P, and K, whereas CFP and CFM provided a more gradual nutrient release pattern, maintaining PAN comparable to CFCF through flowering and sustaining P and K availability through harvest. ‘NuMex Sandia Select’ exhibited greater yield responsiveness to soil amendments, while ‘NuMex Odyssey’ produced fewer but higher dimension fruits. CFP maintained fruit yields comparable to CFCF while producing lower vegetative biomass. Correlation analyses showed that significant nutrient–plant relationships were concentrated at harvest, with soil NO3−-N associated with fruit number and NH4+-N with fruit dimensions. These findings indicate that partial substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic amendments may sustain nutrient availability and chile productivity while providing a more gradual nutrient release throughout the growing season.
Roseleen Sharma, Í. Santos, Stephanie J. Walker et al.· Agronomy· 0 citations
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