Lifestyle modifications before medicines: early intervention in adolescent polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. Recently its name has been changed as polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), However, the term PCOS is inaccurate, implying pathological ovarian cysts, obscuring diverse endocrine and metabolic features, delayed diagnosis, fragmented care, and stigma. So, in this study PMOS term will be used instead of PCOS but references will be used for PCOS term because newer studies are less with new terms. PMOS is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and ovarian morphology. Methods: A retrospective observation study conducted at R. K. Hospital Indore over period of two years. Total 100 adolescents aged between 12 and 19 years, who were presenting with symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, acne, hirsutism, weight gain were screened. A questionnaire was distributed. Menstrual irregularity was seen in 85%, acne in 72%, hirsutism in 56% and weight gain in 50%. Life style modifications recommended to all include daily counselling, less sedentary behavior, exercise, proper sleep and reduce screen time. Results: Following healthy lifestyle, menstrual irregularities reduced and most of patients improved with Acne, hirsutism and weight reduction. Conclusions: Diagnosing PMOS is challenging since normal pubertal development overlaps typical features of syndrome. Healthcare providers should make the diagnosis of PMOS on evidence-based guidelines to prevent delayed, under diagnosis or over diagnosis. Psychological care, dietary care, lifestyle modifications are key steps. Support could significantly affect adolescent’s motivation and amp; ability to change their behaviours.