Immunomodulatory and Inflammation-suppressive Effects of Arundo donax L. in a Hepatic Injury Model

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenol-rich Illicium verum extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in rats

Pretreatment with PEIV significantly mitigated effects of LPS-induced liver injury by regulating biochemical parameters, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and preserving liver architecture, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for liver diseases.

Hepatoprotective effects of cinnamic acid against carbon tetrachloride–induced liver injury in a mouse model

Investigation of the Antioxidant Signalling Mechanisms of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in an Aniline-induced Splenic Toxicity Rat Model

Background: Aniline is an industrial chemical whose reactive metabolites induce oxidative stress and structural damage in splenic tissue, making aniline-induced splenic toxicity in rats a well-established experimental model for evaluating protective interventions. Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) possesses potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals that may mitigate chemically induced tissue injury. Aim: To investigate the antioxidant-mediated splenoprotective effects of Ethanolic Rosemary Extract (ERE) against aniline-induced splenic toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6) and treated for 30 days. Splenic toxicity was induced by oral administration of aniline hydrochloride (50 mg/kg/day). Protective treatment groups received ERE at doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day orally, while citric acid (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) served as the reference standard. Physiological parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzyme activities (GSH and CAT), ATPase activity, serum biochemical indices, histopathological changes, and hemosiderin deposition were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Aniline administration produced splenomegaly, excessive iron accumulation, elevated lipid peroxidation, impaired antioxidant defences, reduced ATPase activity, and pronounced histopathological alterations including fibrosis and disruption of normal splenic architecture. Treatment with ERE significantly ameliorated these toxic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Rosemary extract restored antioxidant enzyme levels, reduced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production, improved ATPase activity, decreased hemosiderin deposition, normalised haematological and biochemical parameters, and preserved splenic histoarchitecture. The higher dose (200 mg/kg) demonstrated the greatest protective efficacy. Conclusion: ERE effectively protects against aniline-induced splenic toxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, restoring antioxidant defences, reducing iron accumulation, and preserving tissue architecture, suggesting its potential as a natural splenoprotective agent. Major Findings: ERE significantly ameliorated oxidative stress, restored antioxidant enzyme activity, improved haematological indices, reduced splenic iron overload, and preserved splenic histoarchitecture, with the 200 mg/kg dose producing the greatest protective effect.

PROTECTIVE ROLE OF 2’,6’- DIHYDROXYACETOPHENONE IN MITIGATING DIABETES- DRIVEN HEPATIC INJURY IN RATS

DHDA exhibits significant antihyperglycaemic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects in diabetic rats, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for diabetes-associated liver injury.

Protective effects of Rosmarinus officinalis against methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in Wistar rats: Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation

Rosmarinus officinalis extract may exert protective effects against MTX-induced hepatorenal injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, however, further studies are required to confirm these effects and validate their therapeutic potential.

Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Mimusops elengi L. Fruits in a Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Rat Model

Liver diseases are a major global health burden, and oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of hepatocellular injury. Mimusops elengi L. fruits contain bioactive phytochemicals with reported antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous Mimusops elengi fruit extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 5). Hepatic injury was induced using CCl4 (1 mL/kg, i.p.) for 15 days. Animals received Mimusops elengi fruit extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, orally) or silymarin (25 mg/kg). Serum ALT, AST, and catalase activity were evaluated, followed by histopathological examination of liver tissues. CCl4 administration significantly increased serum ALT and AST levels while reducing catalase activity, indicating severe hepatic injury. Treatment with Mimusops elengi fruit extract significantly reduced liver enzyme levels and improved antioxidant status in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological examination demonstrated preservation of hepatic architecture, reduced necrosis and decreased inflammatory changes, particularly at 400 mg/kg. The hepatopr tective activity observed may be attributed to the antioxidant and membrane- stabilizing properties of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins present in Mimusops elengi fruits. The biochemical and histopathological findings collectively support the traditional medicinal use of this plant for liver protection and suggest its potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent. Mimusops elengi fruit extract exhibits significant hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced liver injury, likely mediated through antioxidant mechanisms. These findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent, although further studies are required to elucidate its active constituents and molecular pathways.