The estimated biomarkers provide evidence that the Lannea coromandelica bark extract has shown hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Abstract
Similar to viral hepatitis in humans, paracetamol causes liver damage. Recent developments indicate that traditional plants have been used to treat hepatotoxicity. The current study has been performed to investigate the effectiveness of Lannea coromandelica (LC) bark in reducing the hepatotoxicity caused by paracetamol in rats due to its application in folk medicine. Rats (150–200 g) were split up into 5 groups (n=6). Paracetamol (600 mg/kg body weight) was given once daily for a week, causing acute hepatotoxicity, while the plant extract under investigation was taken orally at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for the duration of the experiment. As is customary for hepatoprotective medications, silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w.) was administered orally. Hepatoprotection was ascertained by estimating biochemical indicators such as ALT, AST, ALP, total protein, albumin and globulin level.Treatment with LC extracts significantly attenuated the increased plasma levels of ALT (p<0.05), AST (p<0.05) and ALP (p<0.001) level whereas insignificantly improved total protein, albumin and globulin level. The extract insignificantly progressed the body weight and significantly increased the liver weight (p<0.05) as compared to the disease control animals. The estimated biomarkers provide evidence that the Lannea coromandelica bark extract has shown hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 29(2): 254-260, 2026 (July)
Liver diseases are a major global health burden, and oxidative stress plays
a key role in the development of hepatocellular injury. Mimusops elengi L. fruits contain bioactive
phytochemicals with reported antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective
activity of aqueous Mimusops elengi fruit extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced
liver injury in Wistar rats.
Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 5). Hepatic injury was
induced using CCl4 (1 mL/kg, i.p.) for 15 days. Animals received Mimusops elengi fruit extract (200
and 400 mg/kg, orally) or silymarin (25 mg/kg). Serum ALT, AST, and catalase activity were evaluated,
followed by histopathological examination of liver tissues.
CCl4 administration significantly increased serum ALT and AST levels while reducing catalase
activity, indicating severe hepatic injury. Treatment with Mimusops elengi fruit extract significantly
reduced liver enzyme levels and improved antioxidant status in a dose-dependent manner.
Histopathological examination demonstrated preservation of hepatic architecture, reduced necrosis
and decreased inflammatory changes, particularly at 400 mg/kg.
The hepatopr tective activity observed may be attributed to the antioxidant and membrane-
stabilizing properties of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins present in Mimusops elengi fruits.
The biochemical and histopathological findings collectively support the traditional medicinal use of
this plant for liver protection and suggest its potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent.
Mimusops elengi fruit extract exhibits significant hepatoprotective effects against
CCl4-induced liver injury, likely mediated through antioxidant mechanisms. These findings support
its potential as a natural therapeutic agent, although further studies are required to elucidate its active
constituents and molecular pathways.
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It is demonstrated that the 50% methanolic extract of Curcuma pseudo-montana rhizomes possesses significant hepatoprotective activity against D-galactosamine-induced liver injury, supporting the traditional use of the plant in liver disorders.
Jyothirmaye J, Ram Prasad· International Journal of Res...· 0 citations
Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of hepatic morbidity. Isoniazid (INH), a first-line
antitubercular drug, is frequently associated with hepatotoxicity due to the formation of reactive metabolites that
deplete hepatic antioxidant defenses. Plant-derived antioxidants may offer protection against such injury.
Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of the ethanolic seed extract of Coix lacryma-jobi L. (CLJSE)
against isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity using in vitro and in vivo models.
Methods: CLJSE was prepared by Soxhlet extraction using 70% ethanol and standardized through pharmacognostic,
physicochemical, phytochemical, and FTIR analyses. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH assay, while
hepatoprotective activity was evaluated in HepG2 cells against H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity using the MTT assay. Acute
oral toxicity was conducted according to OECD Guideline 423. For the in vivo study, Wistar rats were divided into
normal control, toxic control (INH, 50 mg/kg i.p., twice weekly for 28 days), standard (INH + silymarin 100 mg/kg
p.o.), and extract-treated groups (INH + CLJSE 200 or 400 mg/kg p.o.). Serum liver markers, hepatic antioxidant
parameters, liver weight, and histopathology were evaluated.
Results: CLJSE showed concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 74.56 µg/mL) and
protected HepG2 cells against oxidative stress, producing 94.46% cell viability at 100 µg/mL. The extract was nontoxic up to 2000 mg/kg. INH significantly increased serum AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, liver weight, and MDA
levels, while reducing GSH, SOD, and CAT levels (p < 0.01). CLJSE treatment significantly and dose-dependently
reversed these changes, with the 400 mg/kg dose showing effects comparable to silymarin. Histopathological findings
confirmed marked protection of hepatic architecture.
Conclusion: CLJSE exhibits significant dose-dependent hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-induced liver
injury, primarily through antioxidant, anti-lipid-peroxidative, and membrane-stabilizing mechanisms, supporting its
potential as an adjuvant phytotherapeutic agent during antitubercular therapy.
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Ajuga species have traditionally been used in Persian medicine to treat conditions such as joint pain, gout, and jaundice. Ajuga chamaecistus ssp. tomentella, known locally as “komafitoos,” is one of the five native species in Iran. This study evaluated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the aerial part extract of A. chamaecistus ssp. tomentella against acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity in rats. Thirty-six rats were divided into six groups, including a control group receiving normal saline and others were administered with acetaminophen (500 mg/kg) for seven days. The treatment groups received hydro-ethanolic extracts of the plant at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg by gavage; while silymarin (100 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Biochemical analyses on day eight measured liver function markers (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase , bilirubin, total protein, and albumin) and oxidative stress indicators (glutathione and malondialdehyde). The extract significantly reduced liver enzyme levels and improved lipid profiles by lowering cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein concentrations compared to the acetaminophen-only group. The 200 mg/kg dose showed the strongest protective effects, preventing glutathione depletion and tissue lipid peroxidation, with histological findings confirming minimal hepatic damage comparable to silymarin. These results suggest that A. chamaecistus ssp. tomentella extract at 200 mg/kg exhibits potent hepatoprotective and lipid-lowering properties against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
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Under the experimental conditions, the individual ethanolic extracts, particularly O. gratissimum, were associated with improved hepatorenal biochemical indices, whereas combined administration was associated with marked hepatic.
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