2026· Optimizing the Future: Management Innovation for a Sustainable World· 0 citations
Abstract
Accidents in excavation and slope support remain a critical issue in construction, especially in Romania, where fatality rates surpass European averages. This study examines accident causes and prevention strategies using a mixed-method approach: systematic literature review, statistical analysis (Eurostat and Romanian Labour Inspection, 2014–2023), case studies, and cost–benefit analysis. Results show 187 fatal accidents in Romania during the period, 68% of which were caused by collapses, with a severity index of 8.1, compared to the EU average of 4.7. Case studies revealed contrasting outcomes: wooden supports in a sewer project led to near-miss collapses, mechanized trench boxes in highway works ensured safe operations, and diaphragm walls with real-time monitoring prevented failures and avoided losses exceeding €1.2 million. Cost–benefit analysis confirmed all preventive measures were economically viable, with advanced monitoring reducing accidents by up to 35% and yielding the highest returns. These findings demonstrate that proactive investments in modern safety technologies are both life-saving and financially sustainable. The study highlights the importance of implementing rigorous prevention measures, including staff training, the use of personal protective equipment, continuous monitoring of the condition of embankments and strict compliance with safety regulations.
The building construction industry is globally recognised as one of the most hazardous sectors,
with frequent accidents and unsafe practices that compromise both worker safety and project
outcomes. In Jigawa State, Nigeria, construction sites continue to experience recurring
injuries, particularly those associated with inadequate or inconsistent use of personal
protective equipment (PPE), manual handling operations, and struck-by accidents. These
trends indicate significant gaps between theoretical safety knowledge and the practical
enforcement of safety measures on sites. While less frequent, high-impact incidents such as falls
from heights, structural collapses, and electrocutions present catastrophic risks, underscoring
the severity dimension of safety challenges. This study aimed to investigate the influence of
accident occurrence, accident severity, and safety compliance on project performance in
building construction projects. A quantitative research design was adopted, employing
structured questionnaires administered to construction professionals, with data analysed using
regression techniques. The findings revealed that accident occurrence alone was not a
significant predictor of performance. Rather, accident severity exerted a substantial adverse
effect, undermining both worker welfare and project continuity. Conversely, safety compliance
emerged as the strongest positive determinant of performance, particularly systemic measures
such as effective accident reporting, emergency planning, and managerial enforcement. The
study concludes that project performance is shaped less by the frequency of accidents and more
by their severity and the degree of safety compliance. It recommends strict enforcement of PPE
use, proactive risk management for high-severity hazards, transparent reporting systems,
stronger regulatory oversight, and integration of safety performance into procurement and
policy frameworks to foster sustainable construction practice.
A. Babangida· International Journal of Eng...· 0 citations
Construction safety and casualties continue to be a major concern in the construction industry, especially in rapidly urbanizing areas such as the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. These issues pose serious threats to human life, property, and sustainable urban development. This study uses a mixed-method research approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative techniques to examine construction safety problems and their impacts in detail. Primary data were collected through field observations (FO), in-depth interviews (IDI), focus group discussions (FGD), and structured questionnaire surveys involving clients, consultants, contractors, engineers, supervisors, and technicians.The findings show that falls from height in multi-story buildings are the leading cause of construction casualties in the Kathmandu Valley. Other major contributing factors include inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE), improper shoring during foundation excavation, electrocution hazards, inadequate safety nets and fall protection systems, insufficient edge protection, absence of a dedicated safety officer, weak government inspection and enforcement, limited safety training and awareness, reliance on unskilled labor, and poor safety management practices. To reduce construction-related casualties, the study recommends strict enforcement of construction safety rules and regulations, along with more frequent inspections by government authorities. The appointment of dedicated safety officers, mandatory use of appropriate PPE, and regular safety training and awareness programs for workers are strongly recommended. Construction safety should be treated as a shared responsibility among owners and contractors. In addition, allocating a separate safety budget during the pre-budgeting stage, improving tools and equipment, ensuring adequate lighting and sanitary facilities, limiting excessive working hours, retaining skilled labor within the country, and integrating safety considerations at the design stage by both consultants and owners are crucial steps toward improving construction safety and protecting the lives of stakeholders in construction projects throughout the Kathmandu Valley.
Construction projects carry substantial risk of work accidents. This study aims to (1) identify hazards in project activities, (2) assess and rank the associated risks, and (3) determine appropriate risk controls, using Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) combined with Job Safety Analysis (JSA), with Toll Road X as the case study. Of the hazards identified, none were classified as large risk; 10 were classified as medium risk and 12 as small risk. The six highest-risk findings, all medium risk, were: tripping, slipping, and falling during measurement/survey; dust exposure causing eye irritation during soil filling; slipping/falling from height during excavation; being struck by iron/steel bars; cuts from using a Bar Bender; and stepping on debris or metal during spreading. These risks may result in lost working days, permanent or partial disability, moderate environmental damage, material losses, and medical costs. Recommended risk controls include occupational health and safety (OHS) training, safety audits, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), implementation of JSA, and adoption of appropriate construction methods to reduce work accident risk.
Background: Coal mining is among the industries with the highest risk of occupational accidents due to the complex interactions among humans, machines, and the environment. Objective: This study aims to analyze the causal factors of occupational accidents in the coal mining sector by reviewing 25 incident investigation reports from 2020 to 2024. Methods: A descriptive analysis using the Swiss Cheese Model and the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) was employed to identify systemic patterns and contributing factors. Results: The results indicate an increasing trend in incidents, rising from 5 cases (2020) to 10 cases (2024), with total material losses exceeding Rp 1.2 billion. Severity classification: Near Miss 2 cases (8%), Property Damage 16 cases (64%), First Aid Injury 5 cases (20%), and Lost Time Injury 2 cases (8%). The HFACS analysis identified failures at four levels: organizational influences (production pressure, inconsistent policies), inadequate supervision, unsafe conditions, and unsafe operator actions. Fatigue was identified as a consistent contributing factor in 100% of cases, manifesting as microsleep, insufficient sleep duration, and dishonesty in reporting physical condition. The gap analysis indicates that the simultaneous failure of multiple barriers is not due to random factors but rather systemic failures rooted in an organizational culture that prioritizes production. Conclusion: The occupational accidents that occurred were not caused by random factors, but rather a series of systemic failures culminating in operator fatigue. This study recommends an integrated approach to prevent incidents, which includes system strengthening (such as the utilization of monitoring technology and roster optimization), cultural transformation (from a blame culture to a learning culture), and consistent policy implementation with clear accountability across all organizational levels.
Sari Febryanti Wibisono, R. Modjo· Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas I...· 0 citations
This study examines the distribution of reported construction accidents across project lifecycle stages, moving beyond micro-level causation toward phase-dependent concentration patterns.
A dataset of 33,963 accident records from the Korean Construction Safety Management Integrated Information (CSI) system was analyzed using chi-square goodness-of-fit, odds ratio, and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel stratified analyses, alongside interviews with eight senior practitioners within an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design.
Reported accident records were not uniformly distributed across project progress intervals (χ2 = 1,143.91, df = 9, p < 0.001). The ≥90% interval accounted for 14.7% of reported accidents (OR = 1.552, 95% CI: 1.482–1.626) and 16.6% of fatalities (OR = 1.793, 95% CI: 1.441–2.230). Associations between institutional safety mechanism absence and late-phase concentration persisted after controlling for client type (Safety Management Plan absence: MH-OR = 1.999; DfS absence: MH-OR = 1.295). Interviews identified schedule compression, multi-trade spatial convergence, and accumulated fatigue as key field-level conditions.
Findings inform recommendations across three stakeholder levels: regulatory bodies (formalizing the ≥90% phase as a heightened oversight period and extending DfS requirements to private-sector projects), project owners (contract design for schedule contingency), and contractors (enhanced Permit-to-Work and logistics coordination in the final phase).
This study offers a large-scale empirical analysis of non-uniform accident concentration across construction lifecycle stages using national administrative data, extends the “90% Syndrome” into the construction safety domain, and introduces a bidirectional safety-schedule feedback model as a construction-specific theoretical contribution.
Sangwon Han, Joon-Woo Kim· Engineering Construction and...· 0 citations
This study examines work accidents that occurred in the “Forestry and Industrial and Fuel Wood Production” sector in Türkiye between 2007 and 2024. In the research, the number of insured persons, the number of workplaces, and work accident data for the sector were analyzed using annual statistics published by the Social Security Institution (SGK). SAR was used to compare observed and expected accident levels over time while accounting for changes in insured worker numbers. Calculations were performed separately for total, male, and female insured workers. The findings show that the number of insured workers and workplaces in the forestry sector has fluctuated over the years. While the number of workplace accidents across Türkiye has shown an upward trend since 2013, this increase has been more irregular in the forestry sector. Although the sector's share of total workplace accidents is relatively low, the high physical risk involved in working conditions indicates that the recorded data may not fully reflect the actual level of risk. SAR results show that the level of workplace accidents in the forestry sector has generally remained below the Turkish average, but there has been an upward trend since 2016. The rates for male insured persons are more stable, while the rates for female insured persons are more volatile due to low employment. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the standardization approach makes a significant contribution to assessing occupational accident risk in the forestry sector and enables a more comparable assessment of temporal changes in sectoral risk.
Tuncay Narin, Mustafa Eryüksel· Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve...· 0 citations
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