Aug 2026· International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology· 0 citations
Abstract
The building construction industry is globally recognised as one of the most hazardous sectors,
with frequent accidents and unsafe practices that compromise both worker safety and project
outcomes. In Jigawa State, Nigeria, construction sites continue to experience recurring
injuries, particularly those associated with inadequate or inconsistent use of personal
protective equipment (PPE), manual handling operations, and struck-by accidents. These
trends indicate significant gaps between theoretical safety knowledge and the practical
enforcement of safety measures on sites. While less frequent, high-impact incidents such as falls
from heights, structural collapses, and electrocutions present catastrophic risks, underscoring
the severity dimension of safety challenges. This study aimed to investigate the influence of
accident occurrence, accident severity, and safety compliance on project performance in
building construction projects. A quantitative research design was adopted, employing
structured questionnaires administered to construction professionals, with data analysed using
regression techniques. The findings revealed that accident occurrence alone was not a
significant predictor of performance. Rather, accident severity exerted a substantial adverse
effect, undermining both worker welfare and project continuity. Conversely, safety compliance
emerged as the strongest positive determinant of performance, particularly systemic measures
such as effective accident reporting, emergency planning, and managerial enforcement. The
study concludes that project performance is shaped less by the frequency of accidents and more
by their severity and the degree of safety compliance. It recommends strict enforcement of PPE
use, proactive risk management for high-severity hazards, transparent reporting systems,
stronger regulatory oversight, and integration of safety performance into procurement and
policy frameworks to foster sustainable construction practice.
The construction industry is vital to economic growth, employing over 350 million people and contributing significantly to global GDP. However, it poses dangers such as falls and long-term health issues. Effective risk management is crucial for project success, as safety at work is a global priority, with around 6,000 work-related deaths daily. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces safety rules to promote a safe workplace and individual responsibility, helping prevent accidents while boosting productivity and morale.
A study on safety compliance among civil engineers at DPWH Isabela 2nd DEO aimed to enhance road construction project management. It used a descriptive-comparative design, with 49 of 55 engineers selected via stratified random sampling. Data collection involved a questionnaire based on existing literature and DPWH practices, analyzed using Weighted Mean, ANOVA, and t-tests. Most participants were male, aged 25-34, college graduates, with 5-10 years of experience. Findings revealed high compliance in safety signage, hazard identification, behavioral safety, emergency preparedness, and health monitoring, while lower compliance was noted in accident prevention, safety training, personal protective equipment, legal compliance, and site safety management.
To improve safety compliance, the study recommends integrating safety into all programs, promoting a strong safety culture, encouraging employee participation in safety meetings, and developing OSH strategies for all workers.
Jovan Lintao Pineda· Global Journal of Engineerin...· 0 citations
-The construction industry is one of the most hazardous occupational sectors, with life-threatening incidents such as falls from height, struck-by incidents, electrocution, and equipment-related injuries occurring frequently. In Ondo State, existing accident reporting and investigation practices are largely informal and inconsistent, limiting effective accident prevention and organisational learning. This study therefore assessed accident reporting and investigation practices with a view to developing a standardized framework for reducing life-threatening incidents on building construction sites. The study adopted a quantitative cross-sectional survey design as the third phase of a sequential research programme. Structured questionnaires were administered electronically through Google Forms to construction professionals and site personnel in Ondo State using purposive sampling. A total of 71 valid responses were obtained. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and regression analysis to examine accident causes, reporting systems, and investigation methods. Unsafe work practices recorded the highest perceived accident cause (Mean = 3.99), followed by defective equipment and inadequate safety training (Mean = 3.87 each). Respondents strongly supported immediate accident reporting (Mean = 4.07) and government-mandated standardized reporting templates (Mean = 4.03). For investigation practices, sharing lessons learned (Mean = 4.14), monitoring recommendations until implementation (Mean = 4.11), and multidisciplinary investigation teams (Mean = 4.10) ranked highest. Regression analysis revealed significant relationships between accident causes and accident reporting systems (β = .879, p < .001), and between reporting systems and investigation methods (β = .843, p < .001). Accident causes and reporting systems jointly explained 91.4% of the variance in investigation methods. The findings demonstrated that a structured accident reporting system is central to effective accident investigation and safety improvement. The results suggested that accident reporting may serve as an important intervening mechanism linking accident causes to investigation effectiveness, although formal mediation testing is required for confirmation. The study recommended that Construction organisations should adopt standardized and timely accident reporting procedures, strengthen systematic root-cause investigation, establish multidisciplinary investigation teams, monitor corrective actions to completion, and share lessons learned with workers. Government agencies should support standardized reporting requirements and centralized accident databases, while future studies should employ larger and longitudinal samples to develop a validated model.
O. Williams, O. E. Olowolayemo, A. Ogunbode· Iconic research and engineer...· 0 citations
Construction safety and casualties continue to be a major concern in the construction industry, especially in rapidly urbanizing areas such as the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. These issues pose serious threats to human life, property, and sustainable urban development. This study uses a mixed-method research approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative techniques to examine construction safety problems and their impacts in detail. Primary data were collected through field observations (FO), in-depth interviews (IDI), focus group discussions (FGD), and structured questionnaire surveys involving clients, consultants, contractors, engineers, supervisors, and technicians.The findings show that falls from height in multi-story buildings are the leading cause of construction casualties in the Kathmandu Valley. Other major contributing factors include inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE), improper shoring during foundation excavation, electrocution hazards, inadequate safety nets and fall protection systems, insufficient edge protection, absence of a dedicated safety officer, weak government inspection and enforcement, limited safety training and awareness, reliance on unskilled labor, and poor safety management practices. To reduce construction-related casualties, the study recommends strict enforcement of construction safety rules and regulations, along with more frequent inspections by government authorities. The appointment of dedicated safety officers, mandatory use of appropriate PPE, and regular safety training and awareness programs for workers are strongly recommended. Construction safety should be treated as a shared responsibility among owners and contractors. In addition, allocating a separate safety budget during the pre-budgeting stage, improving tools and equipment, ensuring adequate lighting and sanitary facilities, limiting excessive working hours, retaining skilled labor within the country, and integrating safety considerations at the design stage by both consultants and owners are crucial steps toward improving construction safety and protecting the lives of stakeholders in construction projects throughout the Kathmandu Valley.
The Nigerian construction sector has experienced rapid growth, yet it continues to record
disproportionately high rates of occupational injuries and fatalities. While many firms have
adopted Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practices—such as formal safety policies,
personal protective equipment (PPE) programmes, training, and safety committees—the extent
to which these measures translate into improved safety performance remains unclear. This study
investigates the relationship between the implementation of OHS practices and safety outcomes
on property development sites across Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was employed. First,
a structured questionnaire was administered to 210 construction projects, representing a mix of
large, medium, and small firms, to assess the degree of OHS implementation (using a composite
OHS Index) and to collect data on key safety performance indicators—lost-time injury frequency
rate (LTIFR), near-miss reporting frequency, and days lost due to injury. Second, 30
semi-structured interviews were conducted with site supervisors, safety officers, and workers to
explore contextual factors influencing OHS effectiveness. Statistical analysis revealed a
significant negative correlation (r = -0.62, p < 0.01) between the OHS Index score and LTIFR,
indicating that higher levels of OHS implementation are associated with fewer lost-time injuries.
Moreover, sites with active safety committees and regular PPE inspections reported a 38 %
higher near-miss reporting rate than those without such mechanisms. Qualitative findings
highlighted barriers to full adoption, including inadequate enforcement, limited access to
training resources, and cultural attitudes toward risk. The study concludes that systematic, well
monitored OHS practices substantially improve safety performance in the Nigerian construction
industry, but their effectiveness is contingent on consistent enforcement and the involvement of
workers at all levels. Recommendations include strengthening regulatory oversight, incentivizing
OHS certification (e.g., ISO 45001), and developing context-specific training programmes for
small- and medium-sized property developers.
Unknown authors· INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOC...· 0 citations
Accidents in excavation and slope support remain a critical issue in construction, especially in Romania, where fatality rates surpass European averages. This study examines accident causes and prevention strategies using a mixed-method approach: systematic literature review, statistical analysis (Eurostat and Romanian Labour Inspection, 2014–2023), case studies, and cost–benefit analysis. Results show 187 fatal accidents in Romania during the period, 68% of which were caused by collapses, with a severity index of 8.1, compared to the EU average of 4.7. Case studies revealed contrasting outcomes: wooden supports in a sewer project led to near-miss collapses, mechanized trench boxes in highway works ensured safe operations, and diaphragm walls with real-time monitoring prevented failures and avoided losses exceeding €1.2 million. Cost–benefit analysis confirmed all preventive measures were economically viable, with advanced monitoring reducing accidents by up to 35% and yielding the highest returns. These findings demonstrate that proactive investments in modern safety technologies are both life-saving and financially sustainable. The study highlights the importance of implementing rigorous prevention measures, including staff training, the use of personal protective equipment, continuous monitoring of the condition of embankments and strict compliance with safety regulations.
Adrian Moise, D. Gârleanu, N. Merloi et al.· Optimizing the Future: Manag...· 0 citations
Construction continues to be one of the most dangerous industries for employment, especially in developing countries, where the lack of enforcement of occupational health and safety (OHS) regulations has helped to create frequent workplace accidents and occupational illnesses. Although the construction industry has a considerable role in the economic development of Pakistan, limited research on prioritizing the OHS protocols within the local context has been done. The purpose of this study is to find out critical issues of OHS that affect construction projects in Pakistan and to examine their relationship using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. A thorough literature review was conducted to determine possible safety factors and then further confirmed by discussions with knowledgeable construction professionals. A structured questionnaire was used for collecting data from the engineers and project managers working with the contractors registered with Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), out of which 160 valid questionnaires were obtained. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) is 0.836, and the agreement among experts (Kendall's W= 0.188 and = 79.211, df = 9, and p< 0.001) was used to verify the reliability and consistency of the data collected and then to establish the causal relationship between the factors identified by applying the DEMATEL technique. The results suggest that the main driving (cause) factors for the occupational health and safety performance are eight-hour work shifts, permanent and temporary workforce management, and overall safety management practices. The highest prominence (7.163) and strongest net causal influence (1.6234) is for "eight-hour work shift," followed by permanent/temporary workforce management. Social welfare, PPE, child labor, compliance with the minimum wage, employee insurance, inclusion of persons with disabilities, and first aid facilities are all in the effect group and are largely dependent upon improvements in the driving factors. The results confirm that enhancing management and organizational safety approaches can lead to multiple safety outcomes in the downstream system. The study adds value to the existing construction safety literature by developing a prioritized decision support system for OHS management in Pakistan. The results provide lessons for contractors, project managers, and policymakers who can use them to make better decisions about how limited resources can be used more efficiently to ensure safer, more sustainable construction and support the national development agenda.
S. B. Khattak, M. Abas, Muhammad Arshad et al.· International Journal of Inn...· 0 citations
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