Jul 2026· International Journal of Social Science Research and Review· Vol 9, pp. 275-292· 0 citations
Abstract
The study proposes an innovative emergency signalling architecture based on two autonomous LED devices positioned outside stationary vehicles in order to improve visibility, reduce secondary collisions, and strengthen contemporary road safety governance. The study originates from the growing limitations of traditional passive warning systems, such as the retroreflective triangle, within modern mobility environments characterized by high traffic density, reduced reaction times, distracted driving, and increasingly complex operational conditions. Drawing on the conceptual framework of the Help Car Roof Project (Rufa et al., 2023), the proposed system integrates multidirectional LED conspicuity with a red-green chromatic logic, inspired by maritime and aeronautical navigation systems. The theoretical framework combines the Safe System Approach, human factors research, cognitive ergonomics, intelligent transportation systems, and contemporary road policing paradigms. The article argues that emergency signalling technologies should no longer be considered simple technical accessories, but rather active components of integrated mobility safety and preventative risk governance. Particular attention is devoted to the operational applications for road policing, emergency responders, roadside assistance personnel, and infrastructure maintenance operators, whose exposure to secondary collisions remains a critical issue worldwide. Finally, the study explores future integration with ITS and V2X systems, highlighting the potential evolution of emergency signalling into intelligent, connected, and anticipatory communication systems capable of improving infrastructural resilience and adaptive mobility safety.
Intersections remain one of the most hazardous locations in urban road networks, where heterogeneous traffic participants and limited visibility frequently lead to severe traffic conflicts. In this paper, a vehicle-to-infrastructure-to-vehicle (V2I2V) cooperative system is proposed for improving road safety and traffic efficiency by using digital twins (DTs) deployed on roadside units (RSUs) to eliminate blind spots and centrally coordinate connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in smart intersections. The proposed system integrates cloud-based global DTs for macroscopic guidance and RSU-based local DTs for real-time operations. Within this architecture, a hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) framework combines offline pre-training with online fine-tuning to achieve robust cooperative control. Experimental results show that the proposed system achieves substantial improvements in safety and efficiency in simulation experiments and real-world proof-of-concept (PoC) trials. In simulations, our system ensures high safety, efficiency, and smoothness under realistic communications and traffic constraints. In PoC trials, the RSU-centric control loop achieves a decision-making latency of approximately 42 ms and maintains a safe stopping distance of 8.5 m for pedestrians, while also shortening stop duration and overall traversal time. These results indicate that the proposed system provides robust and scalable performance at smart intersections.
Rapid urbanization and digital transformation processes compel local governments to adopt innovative and data-driven solutions in urban service delivery. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which have become one of the most strategic components of the smart city ecosystem, are creating a revolutionary transformation in urban governance with their high-resolution data collection and real-time response capabilities. This study aims to analyze the operational roles of UAV technologies in smart cities, focusing on local government applications. Within the scope of the study, the opportunities offered by UAVs in core municipal services such as urban planning, illegal construction supervision, zoning control, environmental monitoring, and traffic management are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the vital functions of UAVs in rapid response, search and rescue, and damage assessment processes during disaster situations such as earthquakes, floods, and fires are evaluated. The study discusses how these technologies accelerate the decision-making mechanisms of local governments, reduce operational costs, and contribute to urban resilience. In the future perspective section, opportunities such as 5G integration, AI-powered autonomous systems, and urban air mobility are analyzed alongside barriers to be overcome, such as legal regulations, data security, and privacy. The conclusion section provides a strategic roadmap for local governments to integrate UAV technologies into their digital service agendas. The study emphasizes that UAV-supported smart city applications are not merely a technological preference but a requirement for a modern and sustainable urban planning approach.
Aslıhan Çiçek· Türkiye İnsansız Hava Araçla...· 0 citations
The rapid urbanization and motorization of global cities have rendered traditional static parking management frameworks increasingly inadequate, contributing to traffic congestion, economic inefficiency, and environmental degradation. This comprehensive review examines the paradigm shift from conventional parking systems to Artificial Intelligence-driven Smart Parking Systems (SPS) and their integration into urban policy planning. The paper systematically analyzes the technical architecture of SPS, encompassing multi-tiered sensor networks including inductive loops, magnetometers, computer vision, and millimeter-wave radar alongside communication protocols such as LoRaWAN and 5G networks. A critical examination of dynamic performance-based pricing mechanisms, grounded in behavioral economics and Pigouvian principles, demonstrates how maintaining 60-80% occupancy rates effectively eliminates cruising traffic. Empirical evidence from the SFpark pilot project reveals significant outcomes: 31% improvement in target occupancy achievement, 12% reduction in parking search times, and 30% decrease in daily greenhouse gas emissions. The review further explores AI's transformative role in urban policy through Digital Twin frameworks and generative analytics, enabling predictive spatial modeling and evidence-based curb-space reallocation. Legal and ethical dimensions are addressed through the European Union's AI Act framework, establishing risk-based governance tiers for public-space AI deployment. Despite technical challenges including sensor reliability and data security, emerging solutions such as blockchain integration and Vehicle-to-Everything communications present promising pathways. This review concludes that AI-enabled smart parking represents a critical component of sustainable urban mobility, offering municipalities data-driven tools to optimize spatial resources while balancing efficiency gains with privacy protections and social equity considerations.
Unknown authors· Journal of Global Social Tra...· 0 citations
To enhance China’s disaster and accident emergency response capabilities and strengthen the digital battlefield system for emergency rescue, an integrated multi-payload unmanned aerial surveillance and communication support system has been developed for extreme weather conditions and ‘triple-disconnection’ disaster scenarios. This paper sets out to address the limitations of traditional emergency drones, including poor environmental adaptability, weak payload capacity, and operational inconvenience. The system’s resistance to wind and rain has been significantly enhanced through the optimization of its airframe design. The innovative design incorporates dual-station symmetric conjugate antennas with planar blind-spot coverage systems, integrating public and self-organizing network base stations to achieve three-dimensional signal coverage and heterogeneous network integration. This enhances ground cellular network resilience. Multi-functional reconnaissance payloads are integrated and compatible with day/night and smoke/rain scenarios, thus overcoming the limitations of single-source visual information perception. The system employs zero-length deployment and parachute recovery methods, thereby facilitating rapid deployment and terrain-independent take-off and landing capabilities. The simulation results obtained demonstrate excellent aerodynamic performance, thus permitting safe operation in wind conditions up to Force 8. The antenna system under discussion is innovative in nature and has been developed to achieve 360° three-dimensional signal coverage. The primary function of this system is to ensure sustained communication link integrity. The field trials further corroborate the aircraft’s stable low-altitude cruising capability in Force 8 winds, thereby averting congestion in constrained rescue airspace. The dual-base station design, incorporating symmetric conjugate antennas and blind-spot compensation antennas, has been demonstrated to reliably restore public ground network signals within a 6.7-kilometre radius. The development of this unmanned aerial patrol system addresses a significant gap in low-altitude rescue capabilities for intelligent unmanned equipment in harsh environments. It underpins the integrated emergency command and operations system for intelligence, command, and execution, as well as the integrated emergency communication support system spanning the air, land, and sea domains. This advancement has been demonstrated to enhance disaster response efficiency and auxiliary decision-making effectiveness under extreme conditions.
Lu Bian, Yudong Fang, Jixing Yang et al.· SAE technical paper series· 0 citations
The growth of the low-altitude economy has turned urban airspace below 1000 m into a busy, safety-critical operating environment for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Governance today is largely reactive: violations are detected and responses dispatched only once an incident is already under way. Such a model copes badly as traffic density rises and as UAV become more autonomous, harder to detect, and more varied in payload. This paper sets out a source-oriented governance framework that treats four interacting elements—operators, platforms, the airspace environment, and institutions— as a single coupled system. For the operator dimension, we examine how a de-professionalised and geographically scattered user base reshapes risk, and we build a four-layer intelligent model for assessing human-factor risk. For the platform dimension, we argue for moving protection from a bolt-on layer to a designed-in property, achieved through a security-gene embedding scheme and an integrated sense– communicate–navigate–control security chip. For the environment dimension, we describe the layered and zoned structure of urban low-altitude airspace together with a digital, rule-based constraint scheme that turns regulatory text into machine-executable rules. For the institutional dimension, we propose whole-lifecycle UAV management supported by a consortium-blockchain record system (UAV-BCLR) and a governance regime for counter-UAS equipment, linked by a mechanism that couples rules with technical enforcement. The framework shifts governance away from after-the-fact disposal and toward prevention at the logical origin of risk, and it offers theoretical and engineering guidance for an urban low-altitude safety system.
Cities are increasingly addressing mobility challenges by restricting road traffic, particularly traditional road vehicles that generate greenhouse gas emissions. As an alternative, unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) are emerging as a promising solution for future mobility, offering fast, quiet, cost-effective and environmentally friendly operations. For last-mile delivery, small drones operating at low altitudes are considered especially promising and are already being deployed in some urban areas. According to the EU Drone Strategy 2.0, drone services could generate a market of 14.5 billion and create 145,000 jobs in Europe by 2030. As this sector is still in its early stages, there is a significant uncertainty about the optimal organisation of urban air traffic. In this paper we present a realistic prognosis of how unmanned traffic over a city will utilise the urban very-low-level airspace and assess it using two concepts of operations, with non-structured or structured airspace, both aiming to facilitate the coexistence of competitors sharing the same urban low level airspace. The two concepts are evaluated with delivery operations at scale for a large and densely populated European city. Results for a normalised scenario of 3500 daily operations show that structured airspace produces more conflicts than non-structured airspace (e.g., 316 vs. 54, respectively), and that only for the non-structured airspace can all conflicts be solved with a simple strategic altitude reassignment (vs. 10% of unresolved conflicts for structured airspace). The artificial organisation of slim urban airspace may limit the scalability of business delivery while not reducing the conflict rate.
Marc Melgosa, J. Kuljanin, Jairo Lopez et al.· Drones· 0 citations
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