Association between body composition and bone mineral density in young and middle-aged adults

Association of Body Fluid Distribution with Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis in Men Aged under 50: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Increases in ECF, ICF, and TBW were significantly linked to a lowered osteoporosis risk and enhanced BMD, which may aid clinicians in the early identification and intervention of patients at risk for bone loss.

Association of body composition with bone mineral density and fracture in diabetic elderly: Results from AHAP study

Older people with osteopenia, osteoporosis and fracture had lower visceral fat mass, lean mass, lean mass and waist circumference than normal people and LM, WC and VFM had the greatest effect on BMD and fracture in elderly diabetic.

[Obesity characteristics and body composition in children with osteogenesis imperfecta].

Sex- and age-specific effects of fat distribution on bone mineral density.

BACKGROUND BMI cannot distinguish fat distribution and may mask the true effects of different fat depots on bone mineral density (BMD).To investigate sex- and age-specific associations between fat distribution and BMD and its mediating role in age-related bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analyzed 927 individuals undergoing low-dose chest CT. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) at L2, VAT/SAT ratio, VAT%, and L1-L2 BMD were quantified. Multivariable regression, restricted cubic splines, and mediation analysis were used to assess sex- and age-stratified associations between fat distribution and BMD. RESULTS Compared with younger participants, males aged >45 years had higher VAT but lower SAT, whereas females aged >45 had higher VAT and SAT. After adjustment, VAT was inversely associated with BMD across all sex-age groups, with stronger associations in females (β -0.33 vs -0.20 at ≤45 years; -0.27 vs -0.16 at >45 years). SAT was inversely associated with BMD only in females aged ≤45. VAT% was associated with greater odds of low bone mass only in males (OR 1.30, P = 0.03). Exploratory mediation analyses identified significant indirect associations through VAT in males (P < 0.001) and females (P = 0.006), and through the VAT/SAT ratio in males only (P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Higher VAT was associated with lower BMD in females, whereas a higher VAT% was associated with lower BMD primarily in males aged >45 years. These cross-sectional findings highlight sex-specific associations between fat distribution and BMD.

Investigating the association between reproductive characteristics, injury history, physical fitness, and bone mineral density in female Canadian Armed Forces members

Introduction: This study examined the relationship between reproductive health, body composition, physical fitness, and bone mineral density (BMD) among female Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members. Methods: Ninety female CAF members aged 18 to 55 years completed a demographics and reproductive health survey, objective InBody body composition assessments (e.g., height, weight, fat mass/lean mass), a blood draw (e.g., plasma), and physical testing (e.g., VO 2max ). The UltraScan650 (CyberLogic Inc., Brooklyn, NY) was used to measure BMD at the one-third radius position. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) examined differences in BMD across reproductive variables. Pearson correlations and forward selection multivariate linear models were used to examine the association of predictor variables with BMD. The estradiol-to-progesterone ratio was forced into the model. Results: Members who have given birth had higher BMD than nulliparous members ( p = 0.031). Those using hormonal birth control (HBC) showed a trend toward higher BMD ( p = 0.069). A two-way ANOVA indicated an interaction between parity and HBC use ( F = 4.718, p = 0.033), with parous HBC use having the highest BMD (adjusted mean = 0.730, 95% CI 0.717-0.743). VO 2max (β = 0.003, p <0.001) and the estradiol-to-progesterone ratio (β = 0.127, p = 0.041) were significant predictors of BMD, explaining 38.3% of the variance. Discussion: The interaction between parity status and the use of HBC is linked to higher BMD among female CAF members. Further, physical fitness (VO 2max ) remains the largest influencer of BMD in female CAF members; however, the ratio of estradiol to progesterone is associated with BMD at the one-third radius position.

Age-Group Differences in BIA-Derived Body Composition and Device-Generated Visceral Fat Rating in a Clinical Cohort

Background/Objectives: Body mass index (BMI) is widely used to classify weight status, but it does not reflect fat distribution, muscle mass, or bone mass. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived visceral fat rating (VFR) is a device-generated estimate of visceral adiposity. This study assessed age- and gender-related differences in anthropometric and BIA-derived body composition parameters, with particular attention to the relationship between BMI classification and VFR. Methods: This cross-sectional study included consecutive adults admitted to a single plastic surgery clinic over three months. Waist and hip circumferences were measured, waist-to-hip ratio was calculated, and body composition was assessed using a Tanita BC-420 MA analyzer. Associations between age, BMI, and BIA-derived parameters were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation. BMI categories were cross-tabulated with VFR categories, and multivariable linear regression was used to assess VFR in relation to age, BMI, and gender. Results: The study included 326 patients. Mean BMI was higher in men than in women (27.6 ± 4.33 vs. 26.4 ± 5.07; p = 0.006), and men also had higher VFR (12.8 ± 6.15 vs. 7.75 ± 3.74; p < 0.001). Older age groups had higher VFR values, ranging from 2.16 ± 1.82 in participants aged 18–29 years to 14.3 ± 5.0 in patients aged ≥ 80 years. BMI and VFR were strongly correlated, but BMI categories did not fully correspond to VFR categories. Manufacturer-defined elevated VFR was observed in 5 patients with normal BMI and 24 patients with overweight, whereas 26 patients classified as obese had a manufacturer-defined normal VFR category. Conclusions: In this surgical cohort, older age groups had markedly higher VFR values than younger groups despite relatively modest differences in BMI. Because VFR is a device-generated estimate rather than a direct measure of visceral adiposity, these cross-sectional findings should be interpreted cautiously. Validation against established reference methods is needed before drawing broader clinical conclusions.