Isolation and characterization of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex causing chili anthracnose in Lao Cai province, Viet Nam and evaluation of antifungal activity of selected local plant extracts
Jul 2026· CTU Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development· Vol 18, pp. 75-86· 0 citations· 21 references
TL;DR
In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that extracts from Piper betle, Elsholtzia ciliata, and Ocimum basilicum inhibited the pathogen's mycelial growth, supporting the potential use of plant-derived products for sustainable management of chili anthracnose.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of chili anthracnose, characterize the associated pathogen, and evaluate the antifungal potential of plant-derived products as sustainable management options in the Muong Khuong area, Lao Cai province. Field investigations showed that anthracnose was prevalent on both hot chili and sweet chili, with disease incidences of 50.50% and 70.48%, respectively, during the July survey. Anthracnose symptoms were observed on leaves and fruits of chili types. The pathogen was isolated from symptomatic tissues and characterized based on colony morphology, microscopic features, pathogenicity tests, and ITS sequence analysis. Re-inoculation on detached chili leaves and fruits reproduced anthracnose symptoms, confirming the pathogenicity of the isolate. BLASTn analysis of the ITS region revealed 100% sequence identity with species within the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that extracts from Piper betle, Elsholtzia ciliata, and Ocimum basilicum inhibited the pathogen's mycelial growth. Among them, Piper betle showed the strongest inhibitory effect (62.16% inhibition at 5 days after treatment), followed by Elsholtzia ciliata (23.91% inhibition at 5 days after treatment) and Ocimum basilicum (15.68% inhibition at 3 days after treatment). These findings support the potential use of plant-derived products for sustainable management of chili anthracnose.
Anthracnose is a fungal disease that severely affects mango (Mangifera indica L.) production globally. In Zimbabwe, mango production is a source of household nutrition and income from informal markets but there has been limited information on the fungal pathogens related to anthracnose in the main production areas. Lack of local baseline data limits proper diagnosis and the development of disease control measures. The main objective of this study was to morphologically characterize fungal isolates that were associated with anthracnose symptoms on mango fruits and leaves, which were collected from different orchards in the Mutoko District of Zimbabwe. Symptomatic samples from various trees were randomly collected in the different orchards. Pieces of tissue were taken from the edge of the lesions and surfaces sterilized, and were inoculation on potato dextrose agar. Colonies of the fungi that appeared were re-cultured to obtain pure culture. The isolates exhibited different colony morphology but mostly they produced grey to dark colonies of cottony to velvety textures. Based on morphology, the isolates were considered members of the Colletotrichum genus; nevertheless, species identification by molecular means was not performed. Through this research, the morphological characteristics of the anthracnose, associated Colletotrichum isolates from the Mutoko District were initially documented. This evidence calls for molecular and pathogenicity analyses to identify the species so that disease management can be effective.
Nyarai Chabikwa, Cleopas C. Chinheya, N. Mapope et al.· Journal of Tropical Plant Pr...· 0 citations
In vitro fungicide sensitivity assays, performed using the hyphal growth inhibition method against six common fungicides, demonstrated that Carbendazim was the most effective agent, indicating significant selectivity.
Fang Wu, Jing Tu, Zhu-Xiang Liu et al.· Plant Disease· 0 citations
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a soil-borne fungal pathogen responsible for fusarium wilt, which constitutes one of the major constraints in banana cultivation. Information on the occurrence and molecular characteristics of Foc in Malang Regency, one of the banana-producing areas in East Java, Indonesia, remains limited, hindering effective disease surveillance and management. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize fungal isolates associated with fusarium wilt disease in banana plants using an integrated approach combining morphological characterization, pathogenicity testing, PCR amplification, ITS sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. Three fungal isolates were recovered from symptomatic banana plants collected in Donomulyo, Malang Regency, and one representative isolate (DNM) was selected for molecular characterization based on its morphological similarity to the other isolates. Morphological observations revealed characteristics typical of Fusarium oxysporum. ITS sequence analysis showed 100% query coverage and 100% sequence identity with reference Foc sequences available in GenBank, while phylogenetic analysis clustered the DNM isolate with reference Foc isolates with 94% bootstrap support. Pathogenicity assays demonstrated that the isolate induced typical fusarium wilt symptoms, resulting in an LDI of 16.39% at 14 DAI and an RDI of 41.67% at 45 DAI. These findings provide baseline information on putative Foc isolates in Malang Regency, particularly in the Donomulyo area, and establish an integrated characterization framework to support disease surveillance, early detection, and the development of integrated management strategies for fusarium wilt in banana production systems.
Akhmad Rizal Oktafian, Irisa Trianti, E. Yusnawan et al.· Agro Bali: Agricultural Jour...· 0 citations
The presence of abnormally shaped colonies through a multi-faceted approach that included pathogenesis tests and ITS-rDNA sequencing to provide accurate identification of gray mold in strawberries (Botrytis cinerea) supports the feasibility of integrated management approaches that combine biological, phytochemical, and conventional fungicides for controlling gray mold in strawberries.
Ahmed R. Alsharmani, Ali Marzooq Salman, Hawraa Razzaq Dhaher ALaboudi et al.· International Journal of Env...· 0 citations
Quinoa leaf spot is an important fungal disease that limits quinoa yield and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of isolates associated with quinoa leaf spot in Qinghai, China, and to screen multifunctional biocontrol bacteria with potential for further development. Pathogenicity assays conducted on healthy quinoa leaves showed that isolates Alternaria alternata AF15 and A. tenuissima AF18 induced typical leaf spot symptoms. The corresponding fungi were successfully re-isolated from the resulting lesions, confirming the pathogenicity of both isolates. Two highly effective biocontrol bacteria, Serratia liquefaciens CB82 and Bacillus velezensis CB316, were subsequently selected through dual-culture assays. Their maximum inhibition rates against the two fungal pathogens reached 56.00% and 57.00%, respectively. Both biocontrol strains exhibited broad adaptability to different temperatures, pH, and NaCl conditions, produced protease, amylase, and cellulase, and showed phosphate-solubilizing activity. Metabolite extraction and fractionation revealed that the antifungal substances were predominantly enriched in the n-butanol fractions, which caused severe shrinkage, surface roughening, breakage, and deformation of the pathogen hyphae. In addition, both strains exhibited strong biofilm-forming capacity and successfully colonized quinoa leaves. Their culturable populations peaked on day 3 after inoculation, reaching 5.58 × 107 and 6.06 × 107 CFU/mL, respectively. In seed germination pouch assays, the bacterial suspensions promoted quinoa root elongation, whereas the fermentation broths increased seedling biomass accumulation in pot experiments. Overall, this study confirmed the pathogenicity of fungal isolates associated with quinoa leaf spot in Qinghai, China, identified two promising biocontrol bacterial strains, and preliminarily characterized their antifungal substances. These findings provide valuable microbial resources and a research basis for the future development of biological control strategies against quinoa leaf spot.
The findings provide a theoretical foundation for accurate disease diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, and the development of effective chemical control strategies for rubber plantations.
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