Jul 2026· Journal of Tropical Plant Protection· Vol 7, pp. 59-67· 0 citations
Abstract
Anthracnose is a fungal disease that severely affects mango (Mangifera indica L.) production globally. In Zimbabwe, mango production is a source of household nutrition and income from informal markets but there has been limited information on the fungal pathogens related to anthracnose in the main production areas. Lack of local baseline data limits proper diagnosis and the development of disease control measures. The main objective of this study was to morphologically characterize fungal isolates that were associated with anthracnose symptoms on mango fruits and leaves, which were collected from different orchards in the Mutoko District of Zimbabwe. Symptomatic samples from various trees were randomly collected in the different orchards. Pieces of tissue were taken from the edge of the lesions and surfaces sterilized, and were inoculation on potato dextrose agar. Colonies of the fungi that appeared were re-cultured to obtain pure culture. The isolates exhibited different colony morphology but mostly they produced grey to dark colonies of cottony to velvety textures. Based on morphology, the isolates were considered members of the Colletotrichum genus; nevertheless, species identification by molecular means was not performed. Through this research, the morphological characteristics of the anthracnose, associated Colletotrichum isolates from the Mutoko District were initially documented. This evidence calls for molecular and pathogenicity analyses to identify the species so that disease management can be effective.
In vitro fungicide sensitivity assays, performed using the hyphal growth inhibition method against six common fungicides, demonstrated that Carbendazim was the most effective agent, indicating significant selectivity.
Fang Wu, Jing Tu, Zhu-Xiang Liu et al.· Plant Disease· 0 citations
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most destructive diseases affecting chilli peppers and can result in significant yield losses, particularly in coastal agroecosystems where climatic factors favor the development and spread of this pathogen. This study examined the diversity and virulence of Colletotrichum populations in the coastal region of Purworejo Regency, Central Java, by investigating the severity of anthracnose as well as the morphological diversity and virulence of Colletotrichum spp. in the coastal region of Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Disease surveys were conducted in chilli-producing areas located in three subdistricts along the coast, followed by the isolation and morphological characterization of the pathogen, as well as an evaluation of its pathogenicity against healthy chilli fruits under laboratory conditions, using a purposive sampling design and a completely randomized design for laboratory testing. The results showed that anthracnose was widespread across all locations, with disease severity ranging from low (1%) in Grabag and Purwodadi subdistricts at Location 1 to very high (75%) in Purwodadi subdistrict at Location 2. Nineteen Colletotrichum isolates were isolated from fruit exhibiting symptoms. They showed significant variation in colony morphology—white, black, gray, and orange on the reverse side of Petri dishes—with textures ranging from cottony to sparse; conidia were oval, fusiform, and crescent-shaped; and conidiomata production was observed in some isolates. Pathogenicity tests showed that all isolates except two exhibited varying levels of virulence, ranging from moderate to high, with the highest virulence of 73.09% observed in the isolate from Purwodadi Subdistrict.
Nur Kholida Wulansari, N. Prihatiningsih, Heru Adi Djatmiko et al.· Agro Bali: Agricultural Jour...· 0 citations
The findings provide a theoretical foundation for accurate disease diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, and the development of effective chemical control strategies for rubber plantations.
Zhiying Cai, Lili He, Li-Ming Dai et al.· Plants· 0 citations
Strain AB3-4 featured brownish-green centers, white peripheral mycelium, darker central reverse fading radially, and based on morphology and phylogenetic pattern, AB3-4 was identified as Alternaria sp.
Qirui Zhang, Hai-Jiao Yang, Zhong-Shun Mao et al.· Plant Disease· 0 citations
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a soil-borne fungal pathogen responsible for fusarium wilt, which constitutes one of the major constraints in banana cultivation. Information on the occurrence and molecular characteristics of Foc in Malang Regency, one of the banana-producing areas in East Java, Indonesia, remains limited, hindering effective disease surveillance and management. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize fungal isolates associated with fusarium wilt disease in banana plants using an integrated approach combining morphological characterization, pathogenicity testing, PCR amplification, ITS sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. Three fungal isolates were recovered from symptomatic banana plants collected in Donomulyo, Malang Regency, and one representative isolate (DNM) was selected for molecular characterization based on its morphological similarity to the other isolates. Morphological observations revealed characteristics typical of Fusarium oxysporum. ITS sequence analysis showed 100% query coverage and 100% sequence identity with reference Foc sequences available in GenBank, while phylogenetic analysis clustered the DNM isolate with reference Foc isolates with 94% bootstrap support. Pathogenicity assays demonstrated that the isolate induced typical fusarium wilt symptoms, resulting in an LDI of 16.39% at 14 DAI and an RDI of 41.67% at 45 DAI. These findings provide baseline information on putative Foc isolates in Malang Regency, particularly in the Donomulyo area, and establish an integrated characterization framework to support disease surveillance, early detection, and the development of integrated management strategies for fusarium wilt in banana production systems.
Akhmad Rizal Oktafian, Irisa Trianti, E. Yusnawan et al.· Agro Bali: Agricultural Jour...· 0 citations
A field survey was conducted to assess root-knot nematode occurrence in brinjal (Solanum melongena) fields in selected blocks of Jhansi, Lalitpur and Datia in the Bundelkhand region, quantify infestation indices and identify the associated Meloidogyne species. Soil and infected root samples were collected from 455 fields across 17 developmental blocks between 26 January and 25 March 2021. Root samples were examined for galling and egg masses, nematode populations were assessed from soil samples, and disease prevalence, relative density, inoculum density and gall index were recorded. Species identification was based mainly on female perineal-pattern characters. Of the 455 fields surveyed, 256 were infested with root-knot disease. Disease prevalence varied among blocks, with higher values in Gursarai, Moth and Madawara and lower values in Talbehet and Jakhoara. Madawara recorded the highest inoculum density of second-stage juveniles, whereas Bhander recorded the lowest. The maximum gall index was observed in Bangra, Gursarai, Madawara and Mehroani. Mixed populations of M. incognita and M. javanica occurred in several blocks, while M. incognita was identified as the predominant species based on morphological diagnostic characters. The findings provide baseline information on the spatial variation of root-knot nematode infestation in brinjal across the surveyed area.
Unknown authors· Annual Research & Review...· 0 citations
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