[Research progress of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy].

Abstract

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is an inherited corneal endothelial disease that primarily affects middle-aged and elderly individuals. Due to the absence of obvious clinical symptoms in its early stages, it is often missed in diagnosis. If such patients are not properly diagnosed prior to cataract or other intraocular surgeries, postoperative corneal edema can easily lead to medical disputes. Therefore, early diagnosis and grading are crucial for clarifying patients' corneal status, reducing the risks of intraocular surgeries, and improving prognosis through early intervention. With advancements in artificial intelligence and deepening interdisciplinary integration, significant progress has been made in research on AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. This review summarizes the progress of AI applications in slit-lamp biomicroscopy, anterior segment OCT, specular microscopy, and confocal microscopy for the auxiliary diagnosis, grading, and prognosis assessment of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. It also highlights current research challenges and future application prospects, aiming to offer new insights for the application of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.