Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) remain major concerns in the construction industry, which continues to report high numbers of accidents, injuries, and fatalities worldwide. Despite the availability of modern safety practices and advanced technologies, the industry still struggles to maintain safe working conditions. The current review adopts the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology and is reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. Three stages of screening were carried out and finally 76 articles were selected for this study. This review paper aims to understand the key causes of safety issues and explores various strategies to reduce risks on construction sites. It examines common hazards, such as falls, electrocutions, and equipment-related incidents, along with the factors that contribute to them—including poor safety culture, worker fatigue, inadequate training, and weak management support. The paper highlights the growing role of technology in improving safety, including the use of IoT devices, Building Information Modeling (BIM), robotics, and virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR). These innovations offer promising solutions for real-time monitoring, immersive training, and risk prediction. Based on the findings, several practical recommendations are proposed to enhance safety culture, update regulations, improve management practices, and invest in continuous training. While technology holds great potential, its success depends on proper implementation and organizational commitment. This study provides a critical overview about the current state of modern safety technologies in construction industry. It highlights the significance of integration of these technologies into construction industry to improve safety. Finally, it provides a foundation for future research and offers insights for policymakers, industry professionals, and researchers aiming to build safer construction environments. The findings of this review contribute to the advancement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by highlighting strategies and emerging technologies aimed at improving occupational health and safety in the construction industry.
Construction continues to be one of the most dangerous industries for employment, especially in developing countries, where the lack of enforcement of occupational health and safety (OHS) regulations has helped to create frequent workplace accidents and occupational illnesses. Although the construction industry has a considerable role in the economic development of Pakistan, limited research on prioritizing the OHS protocols within the local context has been done. The purpose of this study is to find out critical issues of OHS that affect construction projects in Pakistan and to examine their relationship using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. A thorough literature review was conducted to determine possible safety factors and then further confirmed by discussions with knowledgeable construction professionals. A structured questionnaire was used for collecting data from the engineers and project managers working with the contractors registered with Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), out of which 160 valid questionnaires were obtained. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) is 0.836, and the agreement among experts (Kendall's W= 0.188 and = 79.211, df = 9, and p< 0.001) was used to verify the reliability and consistency of the data collected and then to establish the causal relationship between the factors identified by applying the DEMATEL technique. The results suggest that the main driving (cause) factors for the occupational health and safety performance are eight-hour work shifts, permanent and temporary workforce management, and overall safety management practices. The highest prominence (7.163) and strongest net causal influence (1.6234) is for "eight-hour work shift," followed by permanent/temporary workforce management. Social welfare, PPE, child labor, compliance with the minimum wage, employee insurance, inclusion of persons with disabilities, and first aid facilities are all in the effect group and are largely dependent upon improvements in the driving factors. The results confirm that enhancing management and organizational safety approaches can lead to multiple safety outcomes in the downstream system. The study adds value to the existing construction safety literature by developing a prioritized decision support system for OHS management in Pakistan. The results provide lessons for contractors, project managers, and policymakers who can use them to make better decisions about how limited resources can be used more efficiently to ensure safer, more sustainable construction and support the national development agenda.
S. B. Khattak, M. Abas, Muhammad Arshad et al.· International Journal of Inn...· 0 citations
The construction industry remains one of the most hazardous sectors worldwide, with high injury and fatality rates persisting despite extensive regulations and training efforts. Existing safety practices are largely reactive, addressing hazards only after incidents occur. This study synthesizes 122 peer reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2025 to examine how Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things can enable proactive safety management in construction. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and informed by the Technology Organization Environment framework, Diffusion of Innovation theory, OSHA hazard typology, and the Swiss Cheese Model. Results indicate that current AI and IoT applications primarily address physical and environmental hazards, while psychological, organizational, and systemic risks remain underexplored. Key adoption barriers include technological integration challenges, limited organizational readiness, and negative perceptions of innovation. This study proposes a holistic framework mapping barriers and opportunities across accident development stages, providing a roadmap for prevention.
Mina Sadat Orooje, Fulvio Re Cecconi, Gaang Lee· Canadian journal of civil en...· 0 citations
The Nigerian construction sector has experienced rapid growth, yet it continues to record
disproportionately high rates of occupational injuries and fatalities. While many firms have
adopted Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practices—such as formal safety policies,
personal protective equipment (PPE) programmes, training, and safety committees—the extent
to which these measures translate into improved safety performance remains unclear. This study
investigates the relationship between the implementation of OHS practices and safety outcomes
on property development sites across Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was employed. First,
a structured questionnaire was administered to 210 construction projects, representing a mix of
large, medium, and small firms, to assess the degree of OHS implementation (using a composite
OHS Index) and to collect data on key safety performance indicators—lost-time injury frequency
rate (LTIFR), near-miss reporting frequency, and days lost due to injury. Second, 30
semi-structured interviews were conducted with site supervisors, safety officers, and workers to
explore contextual factors influencing OHS effectiveness. Statistical analysis revealed a
significant negative correlation (r = -0.62, p < 0.01) between the OHS Index score and LTIFR,
indicating that higher levels of OHS implementation are associated with fewer lost-time injuries.
Moreover, sites with active safety committees and regular PPE inspections reported a 38 %
higher near-miss reporting rate than those without such mechanisms. Qualitative findings
highlighted barriers to full adoption, including inadequate enforcement, limited access to
training resources, and cultural attitudes toward risk. The study concludes that systematic, well
monitored OHS practices substantially improve safety performance in the Nigerian construction
industry, but their effectiveness is contingent on consistent enforcement and the involvement of
workers at all levels. Recommendations include strengthening regulatory oversight, incentivizing
OHS certification (e.g., ISO 45001), and developing context-specific training programmes for
small- and medium-sized property developers.
Unknown authors· INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOC...· 0 citations
Occupational Safety and Health is an important aspect in preventing accidents and protecting the health of workers, especially in high-risk work environments. Every production activity has the potential for hazards that can cause injury if not controlled properly. This research was carried out at PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Balai Yasa Kiaracondong Bridge unit with the object of the Pen Puller manufacturing process. The production stages include material removal, cutting, perforation, welding, smoothing, painting, and packaging that contain potential physical, mechanical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards. The method used is Job Safety Analysis (JSA) through the identification of work steps, determination of potential hazards, and the preparation of risk control measures.. The results of the study show that JSA is effective in helping to identify hazards and improve the implementation of K3. Companies are advised to increase supervision of the use of personal protective equipment and conduct regular JSA evaluations
I. Made, Aryantha Anthara, J. Robecca et al.· Proceeding of International...· 0 citations
The construction industry is vital to economic growth, employing over 350 million people and contributing significantly to global GDP. However, it poses dangers such as falls and long-term health issues. Effective risk management is crucial for project success, as safety at work is a global priority, with around 6,000 work-related deaths daily. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces safety rules to promote a safe workplace and individual responsibility, helping prevent accidents while boosting productivity and morale.
A study on safety compliance among civil engineers at DPWH Isabela 2nd DEO aimed to enhance road construction project management. It used a descriptive-comparative design, with 49 of 55 engineers selected via stratified random sampling. Data collection involved a questionnaire based on existing literature and DPWH practices, analyzed using Weighted Mean, ANOVA, and t-tests. Most participants were male, aged 25-34, college graduates, with 5-10 years of experience. Findings revealed high compliance in safety signage, hazard identification, behavioral safety, emergency preparedness, and health monitoring, while lower compliance was noted in accident prevention, safety training, personal protective equipment, legal compliance, and site safety management.
To improve safety compliance, the study recommends integrating safety into all programs, promoting a strong safety culture, encouraging employee participation in safety meetings, and developing OSH strategies for all workers.
Jovan Lintao Pineda· Global Journal of Engineerin...· 0 citations
The building construction industry is globally recognised as one of the most hazardous sectors,
with frequent accidents and unsafe practices that compromise both worker safety and project
outcomes. In Jigawa State, Nigeria, construction sites continue to experience recurring
injuries, particularly those associated with inadequate or inconsistent use of personal
protective equipment (PPE), manual handling operations, and struck-by accidents. These
trends indicate significant gaps between theoretical safety knowledge and the practical
enforcement of safety measures on sites. While less frequent, high-impact incidents such as falls
from heights, structural collapses, and electrocutions present catastrophic risks, underscoring
the severity dimension of safety challenges. This study aimed to investigate the influence of
accident occurrence, accident severity, and safety compliance on project performance in
building construction projects. A quantitative research design was adopted, employing
structured questionnaires administered to construction professionals, with data analysed using
regression techniques. The findings revealed that accident occurrence alone was not a
significant predictor of performance. Rather, accident severity exerted a substantial adverse
effect, undermining both worker welfare and project continuity. Conversely, safety compliance
emerged as the strongest positive determinant of performance, particularly systemic measures
such as effective accident reporting, emergency planning, and managerial enforcement. The
study concludes that project performance is shaped less by the frequency of accidents and more
by their severity and the degree of safety compliance. It recommends strict enforcement of PPE
use, proactive risk management for high-severity hazards, transparent reporting systems,
stronger regulatory oversight, and integration of safety performance into procurement and
policy frameworks to foster sustainable construction practice.
A. Babangida· International Journal of Eng...· 0 citations
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