Typologies and Competencies of Prompt Literacy in Generative Artificial Intelligence
Abstract
This scoping review summarizes findings on an emergent area, “prompt literacy,” in generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). It specifically maps key types identified in prompt literacy, including the competencies associated with each. Using a systematic approach to analyze recent literature on the types of prompts (e.g., instruction, exploration, iteration, and evaluation) used throughout GenAI's development provides insight into how they have shaped users' experiences and interactions with new AI-based systems. Additionally, this report provides a list of basic competencies to support effective development of prompt literacy skills, including linguistic accuracy/precision, context awareness, ethical reasoning, and iterative problem-solving—all of which help individuals become successful with their digital and information literacy skills but offer new challenges when people work with AI systems. In conclusion, this review revealed that prompt literacy is a technical/cognitive skill set that encompasses (but isn't limited to) flexibility and critical thinking at all levels.
