СИСТЕМА ЕЛЕКТРОННОГО ГОЛОСУВАННЯ НА ОСНОВІ БЛОКЧЕЙНУ З АВТОМАТИЗОВАНИМ КОНСЕНСУСОМ БЕЗ ЛІДЕРА AL-BFT

A BLOCKCHAIN-BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED LEADERLESS BFT CONSENSUS

iTZBEI: ІНТЕГРАЛЬНА МЕТРИКА БЕЗПЕКИ ДЛЯ SDN-АРХІТЕКТУР З ІНТЕГРАЦІЄЮ ZERO TRUST ТА BLOCKCHAIN

The subject matter of the article is the iTZBEI (Integrated Trust–ZTA–Blockchain SDN Efficiency Index) – a novel composite metric for quantitative security assessment of software-defined networks (SDN) integrating Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) and Blockchain technologies. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that the centralized SDN control model generates critical vulnerabilities, including DDoS attacks, unauthorized routing manipulation, and insider threats – for which no unified quantitative evaluation framework currently exists. The study introduced a formalized aggregated security metric that enables continuous monitoring and comparative assessment across all components of the SDN–ZTA–Blockchain architecture. The tasks to be solved include: (1) identification of principal SDN attack vectors; (2) formalization of a transaction-processing algorithm covering the full access lifecycle; (3) definition of nine local security indicators; and (4) construction of the iTZBEI index with justified weighting coefficients. The methods used combine mathematical formalization of access control processes, cryptographic transaction verification, and experimental emulation of attack scenarios in a Mininet–OpenDaylight–Hyperledger Fabric environment. Conclusions. The obtained results of the article consist in the development of a functional algorithm that performs dynamic verification of user requests, makes adaptive authorization decisions according to the principles of least privilege, and records these decisions in an immutable distributed ledger. A metrics system is proposed, including local indicators such as the Continuous Authorisation Integrity Score (CAIS), the Blockchain Audit Integrity Score (BAIS), and the Local Policy Integrity (LPI). On this basis, the generalized Integrated Trust and Zero-Trust Blockchain Evaluation Index (iTZBEI) is described as an aggregated metric for comparative evaluation and continuous monitoring of the network’s security state. Scientific novelty. This study introduces a unified SDN + ZTA + Blockchain framework for network security, formalizes a transaction-level algorithm that directly links access decisions with distributed audit procedures, and proposes the iTZBEI metric as the first integral indicator for evaluating the integration’s effectiveness in dynamic network environments.

ЦИФРОВІ ПЛАТФОРМИ У ФОРМУВАННІ СТРАТЕГІЇ ЗАХИСТУ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ ОРІЄНТИРИ

This article examines the role of digital platforms in shaping Ukraine’s economic protection strategy amid deepening digital transformation, intensifying global competition, and the growing impact of external and internal challenges on the functioning of the national economic system. It is argued that platformization is not only a modern technological form of organizing digital interaction but also an important factor in increasing the economy’s adaptability, accelerating management processes, strengthening coordination among economic actors, and enhancing the state’s resilience to transformational shifts. The key features of digital platforms are systematized, including the network nature of interaction, infrastructure integrity, modularity of architecture, multifunctionality, scalability, data and service integration, and support for continuous information exchange. The content of the digital platform as a tool for coordinating economic interaction, which ensures the combination of information, communication, service and management functions within a single digital environment, is specified. Strategic directions for using platform solutions in public administration, the service sector, the open data system, digital communications, infrastructure support for economic transformations, and the formation of new mechanisms for state interaction with business and citizens are determined. It has been proven that the active implementation of digital platforms creates the conditions for improving management efficiency, enhancing the transparency of economic processes, accelerating decision-making, reducing transaction costs, and developing a more flexible model for responding to the challenges of the modern environment. The theoretical significance of the findings lies in deepening scientific approaches to understanding platformization as a component of economic protection strategy. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the proposed provisions to improve state policy on digital development, develop digital infrastructure, modernize platform services, enhance the effectiveness of digital communications, and formulate strategic decisions in the field of Ukraine’s economic protection.

АНАЛІЗ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СИСТЕМ МОНІТОРИНГУ ХМАРНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ НА БАЗІ PROMETHEUS ТА GRAFANA

The article considers the effectiveness of cloud infrastructure monitoring systems based on Prometheus and Grafana in modern distributed environments. Modern cloud computing environments are widely used to deploy information systems and services, which leads to an increase in the complexity of their infrastructure and increases the requirements for monitoring its state. In this regard, ensuring effective monitoring of the performance, availability and reliability of system components becomes particularly relevant. The rapid development of cloud technologies and microservice architectures leads to an increase in the complexity of information systems. This requires reliable methods for monitoring the state of the infrastructure and early detection of potential problems. The main attention is paid to the analysis of approaches to collecting, processing, storing and visualizing service performance indicators in the cloud environment.The architecture of the monitoring system implemented on the Amazon Web Services platform using the Terraform, Docker and CI/CD pipeline automation tools is analyzed. The mechanisms for collecting telemetry data using Node Exporter and CloudWatch Exporter are investigated, as well as the possibilities of aggregating indicators in Prometheus and their subsequent visualization using Grafana. Key performance indicators such as processor load, RAM usage, network bandwidth, query intensity, and database status are analyzed.The results of the study showed that the integration of Prometheus and Grafana provides high transparency of the cloud infrastructure, allows for timely detection of anomalies, reduces response time to failures, and supports informed decisions on scaling services. It was found that the use of custom dashboards and automated notification systems increases the efficiency of infrastructure management and contributes to the rational use of computing resources. Particular attention was paid to assessing the impact of monitoring systems on the stability of cloud services and the ability to quickly identify infrastructure bottlenecks. The results confirm that the use of modern monitoring tools increases system fault tolerance, optimizes infrastructure costs, and improves the quality of digital services. The practical significance of this work lies in the possibility of applying the proposed approach to building complex monitoring systems in enterprise cloud environments, intensively used web applications, and distributed information systems. 

ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЯ ЯК СИСТЕМОУТВОРЮЮЧИЙ ЧИННИК РОЗВИТКУ СВІТОВОГО РИНКУ IT-ПОСЛУГ

The article examines digitalization as a system-forming factor in the development of the global IT services market, systematizes its conceptual foundations, and identifies strategic prospects for the functioning of this market in the geoeconomic dimension. Based on a systems approach, the author's scientific definition of the "global IT services market" has been formulated as a complex, open, and dynamic system of cross-border economic relations functioning on the basis of intangible exchange, relying on cloud infrastructure, intellectual resources, and standardized technologies as a fundamental paradigm of its viability. The conceptual foundations of global economy digitalization have been systematized and characterized, summarizing its aspects, theoretical approaches, key drivers, institutional mechanisms, consequences, challenges, and risks. It is proven that digitalization acts as a system-forming factor in the development of the global IT services market, performing an integrating and catalytic function, setting the vector of servicization, and providing a platform basis for cross-border interaction. The functional architecture of the conceptual mechanism of the global IT services market functioning has been revealed, combining the institutional and regulatory environment, advanced technological factors (generative AI, cloud services, Big Data), subject-object structure, infrastructural basis, global transformation processes (outsourcing, offshoring, value chain creation), and final synergetic effects. Attention is focused on the fact that the digitalization of the global economy has a dual nature: on the one hand, it is a technological process that ensures the automation of production, finance, trade, and services, and on the other, it is a socio-economic phenomenon that changes consumer behavior, the structure of markets, and even mechanisms of state regulation. The obtained theoretical conclusions and conceptual schemes can be used by international analytical and economic organizations to forecast trends in the digitalization of the global economy, and also developing national digital development strategies, stimulating R&D activity, and integrating domestic IT companies into global value chains.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА АДАПТАЦІЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ЛОГІСТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ВИКЛИКІВ І НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

The article presents a theoretical and methodological generalization, conceptualization, and systematization of key scientific approaches to the formation and adaptation of logistics directing systems for business activity under conditions of high uncertainty, security threats, and logistics disruptions. It is evident that under current economic shocks and crises, logistics support ceases to be a static set of operational functions and becomes a flexible, dual-purpose management system. This system is designed to optimize costs and resources during stable periods while ensuring adaptive resilience, business continuity, and risk protection in the face of severe external disruptions. The study categorizes seven fundamental scientific approaches to defining logistics support: process, system, resource, service, risk-oriented, digital, and adaptive. Based on their synthesis, an original structural-functional model of logistics support for business activity is developed. The model incorporates four interrelated contours: resource-flow, infrastructural-operational, information-analytical, and adaptive-risk contours. Special attention is paid to the conceptual framework of dynamic capabilities, emphasizing that organizational resilience relies on the firm’s capacity to sense environmental changes, seize opportunities, and reconfigure operational assets without degrading overall economic performance. Furthermore, the paper highlights the crucial role of digital transformation—specifically ERP, WMS, SCM, IoT, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence—in mitigating information asymmetry, enhancing supply chain visibility, and accelerating decision-making speed. Strategic directions for improving logistics operations are identified, including integrating domestic transport infrastructure into international networks, diversifying supply sources, and developing scenario-based risk management tools. The research concludes that building an effective adaptive logistics mechanism requires aligning internal dynamic capabilities with the external infrastructural ecosystem.