Jul 2026· International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks· pp. 900-905· 0 citations· 12 references
Abstract
This manuscript investigates the challenges arising from the interaction between cell discontinuous transmission/reception (DTX/DRX) for network energy saving (NES) and contention-based random access (CBRA) in 5G new radio (NR) networks and beyond. While cell DTX/DRX significantly reduces network power consumption, it can negatively impact CBRA performance by increasing access delay and reducing the success rate. To address these issues, we propose two enhanced CBRA schemes with mathematical modeling and Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrating significant improvements in CBRA performance under dense 5G NR and 6G NES environments. The first scheme introduces a Secondary MSG1 Opportunity to dynamically allocate radio resources and mitigate collisions. The second scheme employs Multiple Uplink (UL) Grant Occasions for MSG3 to reduce contention among User Equipments (UEs). We detail the operation of the proposed CBRA schemes and analyze their potential to improve CBRA performance in 5G NR and beyond, while effectively supporting NES.
The next generation of wireless systems extends ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) to the realm of massive connections, termed mURLLC. To address the inherent conflict between stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements in URLLC and the problem of severe and highly fluctuating interference behind demands of massive connectivity, effective fast fading (FF) mitigation and resource allocation strategies are crucial. Through in-depth analysis of FF characteristics, this paper derives optimized configurations for two FF mitigation approaches: protection margin reservation and $K$ -repetition. Furthermore, we integrate these FF mitigation strategies into a hierarchical-clustering (HC)-based resource allocation algorithm for configured-grant in mURLLC. This results in a highly practical and efficient algorithm for managing radio resources and interference in mURLLC scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves over 65% reduction in resource consumption without compromising reliability, significantly enhancing network capacity to support demanding mURLLC applications.
Yi-Chen Guo, Lili Xu, Yihang Cheng et al.· IEEE Transactions on Wireles...· 0 citations
Wi-Fi 8 introduces Prioritized EDCA (P-EDCA) to support latency-critical traffic within which DS-RTS/CTS operates as a two-phase channel access procedure. In this mechanism, stations first compete in a Defer Signal (DS) contention, which determines the number of stations entering RTS/CTS contention, creating a stochastic coupling not captured by existing IEEE 802.11 models. We develop an analytical framework for the performance analysis of DS-RTS/CTS using a 2-D Markov chain to model the RTS backoff process of a tagged station under a variable number of contenders. Using this model, we obtain expressions for head-of-line delay and normalized throughput. We further formulate an optimization problem for adaptive selection of the DS contention window size. Results show that a moderately sized DS contention window achieves a favorable throughput-delay trade-off across network densities.
Mahith Chintada, Sreelakshmi Manjunath· International Conference on...· 0 citations
For military wireless communications, the MIL-STD-188-220 standard utilizes various Network Access Delay (NAD) mechanisms to efficiently allocate transmission slots within a shared medium. Among these, the random NAD (R-NAD) protocol is widely adopted for dynamic traffic environments. To evaluate the fundamental capacity and performance limits of single-hop ad hoc networks where all nodes operate within a direct radio range, a rigorous analysis under saturation conditions is essential. Despite its critical importance, a comprehensive theoretical framework that analyzes R-NAD performance under saturation and determines the maximum number of retransmissions required to guarantee specific packet delivery targets has been lacking. To address this issue, this paper provides a thorough performance analysis of the R-NAD protocol under saturation conditions, deriving key metrics such as transmission rate, loss probability, and average delay. Based on these analytical results, we propose a practical and simplified formula for determining the minimum value of the maximum retransmission count required to satisfy a specific target loss probability. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our theoretical derivations are exceptionally well-matched with simulation data. Furthermore, we show that selecting the precise maximum number of retransmissions that meets the target loss probability effectively prevents unnecessary average delay while strictly satisfying the network’s loss requirements, thereby providing a practical guideline for effective system configuration.
The rapid evolution of 5G and emerging 6G networks requires optical access systems to support immersive extended reality (XR) services with stringent quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, like ultra-low latency and high bandwidth. However, conventional dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) schemes in passive optical networks (PONs) allocate upstream bandwidth solely based on reported queue occupancy, without considering the unique characteristics of XR traffic. To address these limitations, we propose an XR-aware Predictive (XP)-DBA scheme that integrates XR traffic prediction, deadline-aware scheduling, adaptive grant control, and a cycle-controller to proactively allocate bandwidth, prioritize latency-critical packets, and limit polling-cycle growth. We also derive closed-form analytical expressions to characterize XR-specific stability and delay feasibility in PON systems. We evaluate XP-DBA under standardized and burst-enhanced XR traffic models across varying XR user densities and transmission distances of up to 100 km. The results show that XP-DBA will reduce latency, jitter, and polling-cycle time while increasing throughput and supporting higher XR user densities under heavy network loads without violating XR delay bounds. These findings establish XP-DBA as an efficient and scalable scheduling solution for next-generation immersive XR services over long-reach optical access networks.
Akhilesh Patel, Y. Singh· IEEE Transactions on Network...· 0 citations
In the uplink, NR-DC outperforms satellite-only operation but remains below terrestrial-only performance, indicating that the benefit depends on traffic direction and transport behaviour, and an integrated terrestrial–LEO 5G network using a customised Simu5G framework.
G. Pradhan, Babu R. Dawadi· Discover Networks· 0 citations
— The increase in mobile data traffic in Fifth-Generation (5G) networks means that new handover management and content delivery solutions are needed to keep the network running smoothly and the user experience high. This paper introduces an innovative integration of Named Data Networking (NDN) into the 5G architecture, incorporating an Enhanced Popularity-Based Caching mechanism at the Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) layer of the 5G user plane. Our design is different from previous ones because it changes how content is replicated based on how mobile and dense the User Equipment (UE) and gNB are in real time. Using Python-based models, we ran a lot of simulations to compare baseline 5G, edge-caching, and full NDN configurations. The proposed solution had a Handover Success Rate (HSR) of over 90%, a Cache Hit RAtio (CHR) of between 78% and 80%, an average latency of about 20 ms, and a packet loss rate of less than 1.0% across a wide range of network scenarios. The NDN integrated architecture cuts latency by up to 35%, boosts throughput by 40%, makes fallback efficiency improved by 36.8%, and raises average HSR by 25 – 40%. All of these changes improve the Quality of Experience (QoE) in environments with a lot of movement. The research we conduct aims to facilitate seamless, scalable, and resilient content delivery for next-generation 5G edge networks.
Ade Nurhayati· Journal of Communications· 0 citations
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