A novel Profile-Aware Hierarchical RAN Slicing Framework for User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems to overcome limitations of traditional RAN slicing, and effectively eliminates the trade-off between aggregate throughput and individual reliability.
Abstract
As wireless networks transition toward the 6G era, supporting strictly heterogeneous services such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC over a unified infrastructure becomes a fundamental challenge. Traditional Radio Access Network (RAN) slicing often relies on upper-layer logical abstractions, which fail to address physical inter-slice interference and the boundary effect of cellular architectures. This paper proposes a novel Profile-Aware Hierarchical RAN Slicing Framework for User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems to overcome these limitations. The proposed framework comprises four hierarchical stages: utility-based profile-aware clustering, dynamic inter-slice resource partitioning for power and bandwidth, hybrid central processing unit-to-access point power budgeting, and real-time power allocation using a Bipartite Graph Convolutional Network (BiGCN). By incorporating service-specific requirements into physical layer resource management, the framework ensures strict quality-of-service isolation and global energy efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed integrated framework achieves a high Jain’s Fairness Index, exceeding 0.95 for most profiles and provides up to a 48-fold energy efficiency improvement for battery-constrained devices compared to non-slicing baselines. Furthermore, the BiGCN-based allocation module attains near-optimal performance with millisecond-level inference latency, confirming its feasibility for mission-critical real-time applications. This comprehensive approach effectively eliminates the trade-off between aggregate throughput and individual reliability, providing a scalable solution for next-generation sliced networks.
The next generation of wireless systems extends ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) to the realm of massive connections, termed mURLLC. To address the inherent conflict between stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements in URLLC and the problem of severe and highly fluctuating interference behind demands of massive connectivity, effective fast fading (FF) mitigation and resource allocation strategies are crucial. Through in-depth analysis of FF characteristics, this paper derives optimized configurations for two FF mitigation approaches: protection margin reservation and $K$ -repetition. Furthermore, we integrate these FF mitigation strategies into a hierarchical-clustering (HC)-based resource allocation algorithm for configured-grant in mURLLC. This results in a highly practical and efficient algorithm for managing radio resources and interference in mURLLC scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves over 65% reduction in resource consumption without compromising reliability, significantly enhancing network capacity to support demanding mURLLC applications.
Yi-Chen Guo, Lili Xu, Yihang Cheng et al.· IEEE Transactions on Wireles...· 0 citations
A cross-layer end-to-end (E2E) resource orchestration framework for green CF-mMIMO ISAC systems with distributed multi-target detection is developed and a fundamental implementation trade-off is revealed: FIS provides lower detector-processing complexity and higher detection performance, whereas PIS substantially reduces fronthaul requirements.
Z. Behdad, Ozlem Tuugfe Demir, Ki Won Sung et al.· arXiv.org· 0 citations
Network Slicing (NS) is a fundamental pillar of 5G and beyond networks, enabling the provisioning of isolated, logical networks tailored to specific Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. While 3GPP standards comprehensively define slicing architectures over cellular access networks, the seamless integration of Non-3GPP technologies such as Wi-Fi into a unified slice instance remains an active area of investigation, particularly regarding empirical validation. This paper presents an end-to-end prototyping study that integrates 5G Standalone (SA) and Wi-Fi networks by adapting the Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function (TNGF) to extend NS to WLAN networks, enabling the unified management of Wi-Fi transmission resources. We implement a functional testbed leveraging an open-source 5G Core and an explicit Non-3GPP access to validate multi-Radio Access Technology (multi-RAT) slice operation. Our empirical results showcase the dynamic viability of multi-RAT slicing under varying bandwidth allocations and traffic steering policies, providing a concrete proof of concept for unified 3GPP and Non-3GPP service delivery.
Nelson Ion de Oliveira, M. Muniz, William M. C. Do Nascimento et al.· 0 citations
This paper investigates the energy-aware joint placement and migration of cloud-native functions (CNFs) in an O-RAN edge cloud with a Mixed-Integer Linear Program that minimizes server, transmission, wake-up, and migration energy while satisfying server-resource capacities and one-way delay requirements over the F1 user-plane interface.
Nguyen Phuc Tran, B. Jaumard, Oscar Delgado· 0 citations
As mobile cellular communication technology advances and wireless mobile devices become increasingly popular, multimedia applications have become essential in modern society. Long‐term evolution (LTE), launched in 2009, has established itself as a leading cellular technology by providing high‐speed data and media transport. Its successor, LTE‐Advanced (LTE‐A), further enhances this capability with greater bandwidth and peak data rates, enabling effective multimedia transmission beyond traditional voice communication. To ensure consumer satisfaction, high quality of service (QoS) is critical. This paper presents an innovative resource allocation scheme tailored for various services in the downlink of LTE systems, emphasizing service differentiation as a vital factor for QoS, particularly for real‐time traffic. We provide a comprehensive overview of LTE architecture, its components, and their interconnections, followed by an in‐depth discussion of resource allocation, scheduling techniques, and QoS mechanisms in LTE. Furthermore, we review existing studies and algorithms, leading to the introduction of our proposed Two‐stage resource allocation with user satisfaction (TSRAUS) algorithm. Key findings demonstrate that the TSRAUS algorithm significantly improves resource utilization and user experience by effectively managing priorities between real‐time and nonpriority applications. Comprehensive statistical analysis, including confidence intervals and significance tests, rigorously validates the TSRAUS algorithm's superior performance across key QoS metrics. The conclusion summarizes these findings and highlights potential future enhancements, including the extension of the algorithm to multicell scenarios, user mobility considerations, and adaptive mechanisms to better address evolving network demands.
Samar Sindian, Eman Chehade, Hadeel Sleem· International Journal of Com...· 0 citations
This paper investigates Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (BD-RIS)-assisted uplink radio access network (RAN) slicing for the coexistence of enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) services. A single-input single-output (SISO) framework is considered, where heterogeneous orthogonal multiple access (H-OMA), heterogeneous non-orthogonal multiple access (H-NOMA), and heterogeneous rate-splitting multiple access (H-RSMA) are employed over a shared infrastructure. The achievable eMBB–URLLC rate region is characterized under single-connected, group-connected, and fully-connected BD-RIS architectures, considering no BD-RIS assistance, partial channel state information (CSI), full CSI, and phase noise in the BD-RIS. The results show that BD-RIS significantly enlarges the achievable rate region compared with the benchmark without BD-RIS. Under partial CSI, H-OMA exhibits greater robustness, whereas under full CSI, H-RSMA achieves the best performance due to its enhanced interference management capability. Moreover, fully-connected and group-connected BD-RIS architectures outperform the conventional single-connected design, while the group-connected structure provides a favorable tradeoff between performance and implementation complexity. Although phase noise degrades the achievable rates, H-RSMA combined with fully-connected BD-RIS remains the most effective solution. These results highlight the potential of BD-RIS-assisted RAN slicing for future wireless systems supporting heterogeneous services with stringent and conflicting quality-of-service (QoS) requirements.
D. L. F. Duarte, V. Souto, R. Souza· IEEE Access· 0 citations
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