PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPAS SISWA KELAS V

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model on the natural and social sciences (IPAS) learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at UPT SPF SDN 104219 Tanjung Anom in the 2025/2026 Academic Year. The study was motivated by the low IPAS learning outcomes, as many students had not achieved the Minimum Learning Achievement Criteria (KKTP), and student participation during the learning process remained limited. This research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample consisted of 27 fifth-grade students determined through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through validated learning achievement tests and a student response questionnaire regarding the implementation of the PjBL model. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, and a paired sample t-test for hypothesis testing. The findings indicated that the students' mean pretest score of 64.62 increased to 84.00 on the posttest. The percentage of students achieving mastery learning also improved from 33.33% to 96.30%. In addition, the questionnaire results showed an average score of 87.11, which was categorized as very good. The hypothesis testing revealed that the calculated t-value (7.698) was higher than the critical t-value (2.060) at a significance level of α=0.05, indicating that the alternative hypothesis (H_a) was accepted and the null hypothesis (H_0) was rejected. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Project Based Learning model has a positive and statistically significant effect on the IPAS learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at UPT SPF SDN 104219 Tanjung Anom in the 2025/2026 Academic Year. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) siswa kelas V di UPT SPF SDN 104219 Tanjung Anom Tahun Ajaran 2025/2026. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar IPAS siswa yang belum mencapai Kriteria Ketercapaian Tujuan Pembelajaran (KKTP) serta kurang optimalnya keterlibatan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental dan desain one-group pretest-posttest design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 27 siswa kelas V yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh (total sampling). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes hasil belajar berupa soal pilihan ganda yang telah divalidasi serta angket respons siswa terhadap penerapan model PjBL. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, uji hipotesis (paired sample t-test), serta analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata pretest siswa sebesar 64,62 meningkat menjadi 84,00 pada posttest. Persentase ketuntasan belajar juga mengalami peningkatan dari 33,33% menjadi 96,30%. Hasil angket respons siswa menunjukkan skor rata-rata sebesar 87,11 dengan kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai t_"hitung" =7,698 lebih besar daripada t_"tabel" =2,060 pada taraf signifikansi α=0,05, sehingga H_a diterima dan H_0 ditolak. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas V di UPT SPF SDN 104219 Tanjung Anom Tahun Ajaran 2025/2026.