Translating Halal Control Requirements into BPMN Business Rules for QR Code Traceability

Abstract

Halal supply chain integrity in poultry slaughterhouses (Rumah Pemotongan Ayam, RPA) is often compromised by manual, fragmented record-keeping, which enables practices such as informally using another RPA's halal certificate. This study addresses a gap in existing halal traceability research, which has largely focused on technology selection (blockchain, RFID, QR code) without explicitly documenting the underlying business rules that operationalize halal-specific critical control points. Using a Design Science Research approach, this paper reports the problem identification, design and development, and demonstration stages for the BPMN-based business process design of "Sistem Jejak Halal," a QR code-based halal traceability system developed with a Type C RPA partner. Field observation, interviews, and focus group discussions were used to elicit halal control requirements, which were then modeled as four interrelated BPMN processes: RPA registration, breeder data management, JULEHA (Halal Slaughterer) data management, and halal QR code generation, and validated through iterative walkthroughs with the partner. The r esults show that BPMN can translate halal-specific risks, including certificate and Veterinary Control Number (NKV) validity and JULEHA (Halal Slaughterer) active-status verification, into explicit, auditable business rules embedded directly in the process design, rather than relying solely on the accuracy of consumer-facing information. This design provides an implementation-ready specification for the RPA partner and serves as the requirements basis for the subsequent Rapid Application Development phase of the broader research initiative. Findings are context-bound to a single Type C RPA case study; transferability to other medium-scale poultry slaughterhouses is proposed as future work.