Programs and models for incentivizing biotechnology development in medical manufacturing: foreign experience
TL;DR
The presented international experience can establish a foundation for an effective response to the main challenges hindering biotechnology development in Russia, however, achieving maximum efficacy will require adaptation of these tools to the specific economic and legal realities of the Russian Federation.
Abstract
Background
The biotechnology sector is undergoing a significant transformation, impacting global healthcare through advances in personalized medicine, gene editing, artificial intelligence, and regenerative technologies. Globally, the biotechnology market, valued at USD 1.38 trillion in 2023, is projected to reach USD 4.25 trillion by 2033 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.8%. Key segments driving this expansion include tissue engineering, DNA sequencing, and cellular analysis. While the United States currently maintains the dominant market share, other nations demonstrate increasing competitiveness. The Russian Federation, despite a steady domestic growth, lags behind the global leaders, underscoring the urgency of implementing strategic initiatives to develop the national biotechnology sector.
Aim
To analyze international experience in incentivizing biotechnology development within medical manufacturing. A systematic review of international publications and policy documents spanning 2020–2024 was conducted, utilizing all available open-access sources. The most pressing challenges in the development of the biotechnology sector include attracting investment, updating and enhancing regulatory frameworks, training highly qualified personnel, and expanding international cooperation. The strategic policies implemented by leading nations in the field of biotechnology are characterized by the establishment of consensus documents governing long-term and medium-term sector development; significant funding for research and development (RD); elaboration of professional training programs; creation of unified research infrastructure, publicly accessible databases, and expert communities; expansion of international cooperation; creation of favorable conditions to accelerate the implementation of novel developments in industrial manufacturing; and focusing on transition toward a "bioeconomy" as a sustainable economic system based on the widespread adoption of biotechnology across diverse industrial sectors.
Conclusion
The presented international experience, including mechanisms of public-private partnership, patent protection, and financing instruments, can establish a foundation for an effective response to the main challenges hindering biotechnology development in Russia. However, achieving maximum efficacy will require adaptation of these tools to the specific economic and legal realities of the Russian Federation.
