Jul 2026· The CIS Healthcare· 0 citations· 10 references
TL;DR
The peak of child morbidity in the Gomel Region was noted in 2021, which was driven by an almost twofold rise in infectious and parasitic diseases, presumably due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract
Relevance
. Examining spatial and temporal variations in child morbidity rates allows for the timely identification of problematic situations in this domain and the concentration of efforts on their prevention.
The purpose of the study
: is to analyze morbidity indicators of the child population aged 0–17 years in the Gomel Region for the period 2014–2023.
Materials and methods
. The study used data from annual reports on child morbidity in the Gomel Region for 2014–2023. The research employed analytical and statistical methods, including the calculation of intensive and extensive indicators of primary and overall morbidity, along with an analysis of their dynamics. Student’s t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences; differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05.
Results
. During the analyzed period, a statistically significant increase in both primary and overall morbidity among the child population of the Gomel Region was recorded, particularly in 2023 compared to 2020. Respiratory diseases rank first in the nosological structure of both primary and overall morbidity. Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue occupy the second rank in the primary morbidity structure and the third in the overall morbidity structure. Infectious and parasitic diseases rank third in the primary morbidity structure and fifth in the overall morbidity structure. In the overall morbidity structure, diseases of the eye and adnexa are in second place, whereas in the primary morbidity structure they rank fifth. Injuries, poisonings, and certain other consequences of external causes hold the fourth position in the primary morbidity structure, while diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue occupy the fourth position in overall morbidity. The peak of child morbidity in the Gomel Region was noted in 2021, which was driven by an almost twofold rise in infectious and parasitic diseases, presumably due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion
. The data obtained can be used to develop a set of measures for the prevention, early diagnosis of diseases and borderline conditions, as well as for organizing dispensary observation of children, including those who have had COVID-19.
The obtained results showed that morbidity rates varied over the years; although an increase was observed in certain periods, the overall trend tended to decline; a particularly sharp increase was recorded among adolescents aged 15–17 in 2021.
S. Umarova, Guzal Karabaeva· Pharmacy and Pharmacology· 0 citations
The increase in overall morbidity, a decline in the birth rate, and changes in the health structure of various population groups require a systematic analysis and assessment in order to develop effective measures for disease prevention and the strengthening of public health. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the health status and morbidity of the population and students in the southern region of the Kyrgyz Republic, to identify the main trends and patterns of their changes, as well as to assess the health status of students as a separate social group. The article presents an analysis of medical and demographic indicators and overall morbidity of the population of the Osh, Jalal-Abad, and Batken regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. It includes an assessment of overall morbidity in the Osh oblast, as well as an analysis by disease classes according to ICD-10, examining their structure and dynamics over the period 2019–2023. In addition, the health status of students at Osh State University was evaluated. A predominance of students with an asthenic body type was revealed: 59.9% among first-year students, 52.0% among second-year students, and 26.6% among third-year students. A significant proportion of the examined individuals showed a pronounced body weight deficit, mainly due to reduced muscle mass. A high prevalence of health deviations and a decrease in key indicators of somatic health among students were identified. Overall, a predominance of students with an asthenic body type and pronounced body weight deficiency was established. It was found that the medical and demographic situation in the Osh, Jalal-Abad, and Batken regions in 2019–2023 is characterized by an increase in overall morbidity, a decline in the birth rate and natural population growth, and a stabilization of the overall mortality rate.
T. Mamaev, B. Arinbaev, A. Tutasheva et al.· Bulletin of Science and Prac...· 0 citations
Abstract Objective To analyze epidemiological and operational indicators and the hidden endemicity of Hansen’s disease in Piauí from 2018 to 2022. Methods A descriptive study with spatial analysis, using data provided by the State Health Department of Piauí. The variables analyzed included the detection rate of new cases in individuals under 15 years of age, the proportion of new cases presenting grade 2 physical disability at diagnosis, and the percentage of contacts of new cases who were evaluated. Indicators were presented as absolute frequencies per municipality, with percentage variation calculated. Thematic maps were created, and the hidden prevalence of Hansen’s disease in the state was estimated. Results A total of 3,789 new cases were identified. Based on hidden prevalence, an estimated 1,265 cases went undiagnosed during the period. In 2018, 27 municipalities were considered hyperendemic regarding detection in individuals under 15 years, decreasing to 11 by the end of the series. The distribution of new cases with grade 2 disability at diagnosis was predominantly classified as “low” throughout the period, ranging from 143 to 178 municipalities. The proportion of contacts examined for new cases in the “poor” status increased the number of municipalities by 28.8% during the period. Conclusion Hansen’s disease remains hyperendemic in the state, with high detection rates in individuals under 15 years, a substantial proportion of cases with grade 2 physical disability at diagnosis, and weaknesses in surveillance and control actions. The high estimated number of hidden cases underscores the need for strategies to expand early detection and strengthen Primary Health Care.
Khaab Gibran Leal Vasconcelos, Lara Beatriz de Sousa Araújo, Raimundo Leoberto Torres de Sousa et al.· Epidemiologia e Serviços de...· 0 citations
Cardiovascular disease mortality in Brazil showed heterogeneous distribution in time and space, with predominance in males and higher mortality rates among the elderly and people with low levels of education.
Francisca Vaneska Lima Nascimento, Ítalo Rigoberto Cavalcante Andrade, L. L. Damasceno et al.· Epidemiologia e Serviços de...· 0 citations
This study aims to analyze the performance and geographical distribution of health indicators in relation to social indicators in the municipalities of Antioquia. An ecological cross-sectional study was conducted using data on health outcomes, social indicators, and institutional capacity of the municipalities of the department for the period 2017–2023. The analysis was performed using global and local Moran’s I statistics in order to identify the spatial correlation between health and social indicators. The global analysis reported significant associations only for the infant mortality rate, which showed positive correlations with the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), Unmet Basic Needs (UBN), and Armed Conflict Index (ACI), and a negative correlation with the Municipal Performance Index (MPIn). The local analysis revealed correlations between poorer health and social indicators concentrated mainly in municipalities in the northern of the department, including the subregions of Bajo Cauca, Urabá, and Norte, while better conditions were found in municipalities of the Valle de Aburrá and parts of eastern Antioquia. Significant health inequalities persist in Antioquia, closely linked to poverty, armed conflict, and institutional limitations. The identified spatial patterns confirm a center–periphery dynamic, highlighting the need for planning approaches that are more sensitive to territorial diversity and local trajectories.
Gino Montenegro-Martínez· PLOS Global Public Health· 0 citations
Abstract Background Brazil presents regional variations in mortality from cardiomyopathies, influenced by demographic characteristics, socioeconomic inequalities, and differences in access to health services. Between 2001 and 2021, 272,448 deaths from the disease were recorded in the country. Objective To analyze, at the national level, the epidemiological profile and the spatiotemporal distribution of mortality from cardiomyopathies in Brazil, from 2001 to 2021. Methods Epidemiological study based on secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS) and population estimates from IBGE. Crude mortality rates were calculated per municipality. Temporal analysis was performed using Joinpoint, estimating the annual percentage change (APC). Spatial analysis used GeoDa, with Bayesian smoothing and evaluation of spatial autocorrelation using the Global Moran’s I and LISA indices. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There were 272,448 deaths due to cardiomyopathies, predominantly in men (58.65%), individuals aged 80 or older (25.74%), white individuals (52.18%), married individuals (36.77%), and those with 1 to 3 years of completed schooling (21.91%). The average mortality rate was 6.66 per 100,000 inhabitants, reaching 7.64 per 100,000 in 2004 and falling to 4.15 per 100,000 in 2020. A significant annual reduction of 1.86% was observed (p < 0.05). Spatial analysis revealed clusters of high mortality, mainly in the Midwest, South, and Southeast regions, with Corumbá de Goiás standing out (49.34/100,000). Conclusion There was a significant reduction in mortality from cardiomyopathies, despite the persistence of critical areas that require targeted strategies for surveillance, early diagnosis, and appropriate management.
L. F. Kubrusly, Ana Clara Abdo Lopes, Fernanda Ritt de Souza et al.· Arquivos Brasileiros de Card...· 0 citations
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