Single-cell and bulk transcriptomic profiling of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages reveals a prognostic signature and an inflammation–metabolism crosstalk program in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Highlights • Seven MM-specific M2-TAM subsets (MM-M2) are absent in normal bone marrow.• MM-M2 subclusters exhibit distinct transcription factor programs via SCENIC.• Enhanced ligand–receptor signaling links MM-M2 to plasma and stromal cells.• An 11-gene RSF-derived MRGs signature stratifies MM patients by survival.• MM-M2 inflammatory mediators suggest links to systemic inflammation-metabolism axis.