Aug 2026· International journal for advanced research in science & technology· 0 citations
TL;DR
This review traces how quality engineering has changed, from rule-based automation to self-adjusting test frameworks, and looks at the technology behind Autonomous Quality Agents: Large Language Models that generate code from requirements, Computer Vision that handles visual regression, and Reinforcement Learning that drives exploratory testing.
Abstract
Software testing is moving away from rigid, hand-written scripts toward AI systems that can adapt on their own. This review traces how quality engineering has changed, from rule-based automation to self-adjusting test frameworks, and looks at the technology behind Autonomous Quality Agents: Large Language Models (LLMs) that generate code from requirements, Computer Vision that handles visual regression, and Reinforcement Learning that drives exploratory testing. It also examines two ongoing problems: the difficulty of understanding how AI models make decisions, and the extra work needed to keep older, script-based automation running. The review closes with a proposed framework for where autonomous software assurance is headed next. This proposed framework, termed Autonomous Quality Assurance (AQA), is organised around three layers, perception (visual and DOM-based sensing), cognition (LLM-driven reasoning and test generation), and governance (interpretability and verification), intended to give practitioners and researchers a shared structure for locating where a given tool or technique sits today and what would need to mature before autonomous testing can be trusted at industrial scale.
An application-focused review of 35 selected empirical studies focusing on the use of AI during software testing, based on PRISMA guidelines, reveals that large language models, machine learning, and computer vision can significantly improve testing efficiency.
Guilherme Martins, Nelson N. Tenório, Jorge Bernardino· Big Data and Cognitive Compu...· 2 citations
A three-level taxonomy inspired by autonomous driving that distinguishes degrees of autonomy along a roadmap from today’s AI-assisted development workflows to fully autonomous software development in which AI systems autonomously identify demands and design, implement, verify, and maintain software without human oversight is introduced.
The case suggests that generative AI is especially useful when requirements are only partially formalized, yet objective feedback from tests, benchmarks, and model quality metrics is available, and the results suggest that AI-augmented development is a relevant topic for scientific software engineering.
Robin Nunkesser· International Conference on...· 0 citations
Enterprise software requires specification governance to transform probabilistic AI generation into deterministic, auditable engineering, and the SGRM framework is introduced, which defines four-component specification contracts, constrains stochastic generation via deterministic validation, and integrates generation, verification, and governance into a closed-loop architecture.
Large language models have shown promising capabilities in code refactoring, but existing approaches remain limited to method-level tasks. In this paper, we envision LLM-based refactoring as a continuous component of software maintenance rather than a tool invoked only for occasional manual refactoring. Under this vision, AI agents continuously monitor, evaluate, and improve codebases against explicit and evolving notions of software quality. We present a roadmap organized around five dimensions: the multi-objective optimization problem, quality definition and evaluation, multi-timescale integration of heterogeneous signals, architecture and design pattern, and trust in autonomous refactoring. We further identify integration into continuous delivery pipelines and cost considerations as cross-cutting concerns. For each dimension, we analyze the underlying challenges and pose open research questions. These dimensions define a research agenda for advancing autonomous refactoring from isolated code improvements to system-level quality maintenance.
Xin Sun, Daniel Ståhl, Kristian Sandahl et al.· 0 citations
AI-assisted development tools enable software engineers to generate implementations at substantially higher speed and volume than in traditional workflows, yet relatively little is known about how existing guardrails evolve in response.
M. Stolze, Mirco Strässle· 0 citations
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