Improving OCR Faithfulness via Gated and Attenuated On-Policy Distillation
TL;DR
GAD-RL is introduced, which adaptively regulates teacher supervision during joint post-training according to the student's current task performance and local distributions, and weights forward KL by the student's probability of the teacher's Top-1 token, moderating local auxiliary updates when student support for that candidate is low.
Abstract
Vision-language models may rewrite anomalous text in images into linguistically plausible expressions, compromising OCR transcription faithfulness. Sequence-level task rewards and local teacher guidance are complementary, but guidance from the same teacher may not remain equally effective as the student improves. Offline analysis shows that supervision from a fixed teacher becomes progressively less favorable as the student improves, both across training checkpoints and across response groups with different task rewards. Motivated by this observation, we introduce GAD-RL, which adaptively regulates teacher supervision during joint post-training according to the student's current task performance and local distributions. A frozen teacher conditions on reference transcriptions and student-generated prefixes. GAD-RL disables distillation for response groups containing an output with task reward at least 0.95 and continuously attenuates distillation strength as group-mean reward increases. It also weights forward KL by the student's probability of the teacher's Top-1 token, moderating local auxiliary updates when student support for that candidate is low. On Qwen3.5-2B, GAD-RL achieves 59.92% Micro Recall on CHAOS-Bench, surpassing GRPO and GRPO+OPD (fixed-weight) by 8.45 and 4.43 percentage points, respectively, while achieving an Overall score of 91.18 on OmniDocBench v1.6.
