Factors Associated With Formula Use Among Infants Aged 0–6 Months

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of infant formula use, the reasons for its use, and the factors associated with formula feeding among infants aged 0–6 months. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 274 mothers with infants aged 0–6 months who were registered at selected Family Health Centers. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics, the independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the infants included in the study, 76.6% were breastfed, while 51.8% received infant formula in addition to breast milk. Approximately half of the mothers who used infant formula reported feeding their infants formula more than four times per day, and 83.6% stated that they purchased infant formula once a week. The mean Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) score was 58.97 ± 8.41. The most commonly reported reason for initiating infant formula feeding was the belief that formula provides greater satiety and promotes infant weight gain. Conclusions: The findings indicate a high prevalence of infant formula use among mothers of infants aged 0–6 months and suggest that maternal attitudes and beliefs regarding infant formula play an important role in feeding decisions. Strengthening breastfeeding counseling beginning during pregnancy and providing evidence-based education to correct misconceptions about infant formula are recommended to promote exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: Infant Aged 0–6 Months, Infant Formula, Breastfeeding, Maternal Attitude.