Optimized Chaotic DNA Encryption Model with Quantum Key Generation

The Role of Quantum-Safe Cryptography in Next-Generation Security

Quantum computing offers major computational advances but threatens modern public-key cryptography. Classical algorithms such as RSA, Diffie–Hellman (DH), and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) are vulnerable to quantum attacks, particularly Shor’s algorithm. As large-scale quantum capabilities emerge, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) has become essential to ensure future data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. This paper discusses the need to replace classical cryptography, explores quantum-safe solutions, and examines challenges in large-scale migration. PQC is critical across government, critical infrastructure, finance, healthcare, telecommunications, IoT, autonomous vehicles, and 6G networks. A key concern is “harvest-now, decrypt-later” attacks, where encrypted data is stored today for future quantum decryption. The study analyzes classical cryptographic vulnerabilities and reviews major PQC families: lattice-based, hash-based, code-based, multivariate-based, and isogeny-based schemes, highlighting the ongoing NIST standardization efforts. It proposes a migration framework including quantum-readiness assessment, algorithm selection, hybrid implementation, and performance evaluation. Results show that although PQC introduces higher computational complexity, optimized implementations can support real-time applications with reasonable overhead. Among PQC approaches, lattice-based schemes appear most mature and balanced in terms of security and key size. The paper concludes that quantum-safe cryptography is a necessary evolution requiring continuous monitoring, adaptable systems, and alignment with emerging standards.

Optimized Non-Linear DNA Cryptosystem with Quantum-Secured Key Synthesis

Medical imaging systems are moving quickly to cloud-based picture archiving and communication systems (PACS), while rapidly shifting to cloud-based PACS networks requires encryption standards that offer cryptographic strength, clinical fidelity and clinical workflow compatibility. The existing approaches cater to some of these requirements, but there is no published system that meets all requirements simultaneously. This paper presents the Efficient Data Masking (EDM) framework, a three-phase chaotic-DNA encryption pipeline that addresses this gap through three integrated components. First, a Nested Chaotic System (NCS) coupling a logistic map with a sine map through bidirectional parameter exchange yields a maximum Lyapunov exponent λ = 0.87, guaranteeing exponential sensitivity to initial conditions. Second, a SHA-256-based key derivation module (termed quantum-inspired because key material is augmented with NCS-derived entropy to resist Grover-class exhaustive search) generates a 256-bit session key with effective entropy exceeding 2²⁵⁶. Third, an eight-rule dynamic DNA encoding layer with XOR diffusion implemented over GF(4) provides invertible nucleotide-level confusion and diffusion. Formal security analysis is conducted under the IND-CPA game, with a structured argument linking ciphertext indistinguishability to the computational hardness of distinguishing NCS output from a truly random sequence. We explicitly acknowledge that the NCS pseudorandomness assumption is non-standard and identify reduction to an established hard problem as future work. Experiments on six medical imaging modalities demonstrate that all fifteen NIST SP 800-22 randomness tests pass (minimum p-value 0.213; minimum pass rate 98/100), Shannon entropy reaches 7.942–7.999 bits, pixel correlation coefficients fall within ±0.003 of zero, NPCR spans 98.36–99.27%, and UACI spans 33.42–33.62% (both within theoretically optimal bounds). Zero recoverable information was obtained under known-plaintext (up to 1,000 pairs) and chosen-plaintext (seven structured patterns) attacks. Throughput ranges from 39 MB/s (ARM Cortex-A72) to 264 MB/s (Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA), with ROI-selective encryption reducing overhead to 2–5% relative to AES-256-CTR. Bit-perfect lossless decryption (PSNR = ∞, SSIM = 1.000) is verified for all tested modalities, and a Hadoop/Spark pipeline achieves 100% reconstruction accuracy from 1 KB to 1 TB.

Beyond encryption: post-quantum cryptography and the future of quantum-safe networks

The rapid advancement of quantum computing presents an existential threat to the mathematical foundations of modern internet security. Fault-tolerant quantum computers are projected to reach the logical qubit scale necessary to execute Shor's algorithm by 2030–2035, threatening currently deployed public-key cryptography infrastructures. We evaluate the performance metrics of integrating post-quantum cryptography (PQC), specifically the newly finalized NIST standards (FIPS 203, 204, and 205), with quantum key distribution (QKD) across communication networks. Our analysis demonstrates that while hybrid PQC-QKD models reduce long-term key compromise probabilities to near 0%, they introduce a 15% to 40% increase in bandwidth overhead during initial cryptographic handshakes. Given that enterprise-wide cryptographic migrations historically require 7–10 years, organizations face an immediate vulnerability window against “harvest now, decrypt later” adversaries. Ultimately, we propose a phased, cryptographically agile framework to achieve a Zero-Trust, Quantum-Safe network architecture within a 5-year implementation timeline.

Hybrid Image Encryption via BCC-Algebraic Dynamic Key Generation and AES-CBC

Traditional chaotic image encryption systems frequently suffer from phase-space periodic degradation and finite-precision limitations. To overcome these inherent vulnerabilities, this paper presents a novel dynamic image encryption framework combining finite BCC-algebraic structures, SHA-256 cryptographic hashing, and an HMAC-based Key Derivation Function (HKDF). The scheme establishes a plaintext-aware key synthesis mechanism utilizing dynamic matrix representations of finite BCC-algebra. Primary key seeds and Initialization Vectors (IVs) are dynamically generated by performing bitwise XOR operations between the SHA-256 hash digest of the input image and vectorized algebraic structures, followed by rigorous HKDF sub-key derivation. Spatial confusion and diffusion are subsequently achieved using the AES-CBC mode. Extensive security evaluations and formal provable security analysis (IND-CPA) demonstrate that the proposed system achieves high resistance against differential, linear, statistical, and Chosen-Plaintext Attacks, with an information entropy consistently approaching the theoretical optimum of 8.0 and optimal NPCR/UACI differential performance.

An adaptive key distribution scheme based on QBER-driven and quantum-chaos synergy

Research and Development of Post-Quantum Digital Signature

: The security of traditional public key cryptosystems like RSA and ECDSA is at risk due to the rapid development of quantum computing technology. Therefore, developing new cryptographic algorithms with the ability to resist quantum attacks has become a common goal for both academia and industry. This paper systematically outlines the current major Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) technology routes, including digital signature schemes based on lattice theory, coding theory, equations of multiple variables and hash functions, and elaborately analyzes the core principles and implementation paths of these technologies. In addition, this paper looks forward to the development trends of post-quantum cryptography from multiple dimensions, such as technological evolution, standard setting and industrial practice, and emphasizes the importance of early deployment of quantum-resistant cryptography systems. Although there are still many technical bottlenecks in the practical application of quantum computers, to ensure future network security, it is necessary to accelerate the strategic upgrade of the post-quantum cryptography system, build a multi-level security defense line through the collaborative deployment of PQC technology and existing classical cryptography systems, and provide forward-looking security guarantees for critical infrastructure in the digital age.