Research and Development of Post-Quantum Digital Signature

Abstract

: The security of traditional public key cryptosystems like RSA and ECDSA is at risk due to the rapid development of quantum computing technology. Therefore, developing new cryptographic algorithms with the ability to resist quantum attacks has become a common goal for both academia and industry. This paper systematically outlines the current major Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) technology routes, including digital signature schemes based on lattice theory, coding theory, equations of multiple variables and hash functions, and elaborately analyzes the core principles and implementation paths of these technologies. In addition, this paper looks forward to the development trends of post-quantum cryptography from multiple dimensions, such as technological evolution, standard setting and industrial practice, and emphasizes the importance of early deployment of quantum-resistant cryptography systems. Although there are still many technical bottlenecks in the practical application of quantum computers, to ensure future network security, it is necessary to accelerate the strategic upgrade of the post-quantum cryptography system, build a multi-level security defense line through the collaborative deployment of PQC technology and existing classical cryptography systems, and provide forward-looking security guarantees for critical infrastructure in the digital age.