Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are essential materials in various fields of application due to their excellent properties, including high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and adaptability. Their continuous progress in their manufacturing techniques created these properties. This helps to meet the growing demand for sustainable and high-performance products. The two industries most likely to benefit are the automotive industry and the aerospace industry, where MMCs are used for lightweight, strong parts in automobiles, airplane frames and jet engines. Further, because of their suitable mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, MMCs are extensively used in biomedical applications for implants and medical devices. These are used in heavy construction, in defense and even in space exploration. The composite industry has evolved dramatically in the last twenty years with MMC materials due to their improved mechanical, tribological and metallurgical properties. This review paper introduces and examines the most recent advances (mostly from the last 5 years) in MMC- fabrication techniques. Process factors affecting the properties and microstructure of the composites are presented as well as the innovation and modernisation of both conventional and advanced techniques. The assessment is based on properties and potential applications of MMC which have been greatly improved and extended by these developments. The latest methods used for the fabrication of MMCs are discussed, including the friction stir processing (FSP), ultrasonic assisted stir casting and additive manufacturing. The machine learning and artificial intelligence interventions for composite manufacturing also are discussed in this review. This article aims to aid researchers and academics and encourage them to conduct further research and innovation to further develop the space.