OVERVIEW OF THE MOST FREQUENTLY OCCURRING NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN AMAZONAS BETWEEN 2021 AND 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Compulsory notification is the mandatory reporting of suspected or confirmed diseases, health conditions, or public health events by healthcare professionals and services to health authorities. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of major infectious diseases (endemic diseases, arboviruses, respiratory viral infections, and emerging or re-emerging notifiable diseases) in Amazonas. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive study using a quantitative approach to public data to present descriptive statistics and temporal trends. Only data obtained directly from epidemiological bulletins published on the website of the Amazonas Health Surveillance Foundation (FVS-RCP) for the years 2021 to 2025 were included. Results: During this period, 391,189 cases of infections considered most recurrent in Amazonas were reported. The majority of cases (332,019; 84.9%) involved infectious diseases of major epidemiological importance, including endemic conditions: malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, viral hepatitis, and syphilis in infants under one year of age. Regarding dengue—considered the most frequent arbovirus in the state—there were 31,402 (8.03%) cases during the period. For Chikungunya, Zika, Oropouche, and Mayaro—arboviruses requiring immediate notification but occurring less frequently—there were 1,336 (0.3%) cases. A significant number of respiratory infections caused by Influenza viruses and COVID-19 (16,874; 4.3%) were also recorded. Significant fluctuations and spikes in the incidence of these infectious diseases were observed in Amazonas between 2021 and 2025. Conclusion: The situation in Amazonas is concerning due to geographic, environmental, and climatic factors, as well as urban expansion.