small language model

PREreview of "Design and Implementation of a Self-Service Kiosk with Embedded Analytics and Demand Forecasting for Small Retail Decision Support"

This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/23108434. Major issues Reliance on simulated rather than real-world retail data limits the generalization of the study. Limited validation with actual small retail users or operatio...

A Transposed Bock–Aitkin EM Algorithm for Item Response Models with Many Items and Few Subjects

Large language model benchmarks often contain many more items than evaluated systems. We develop a transposed Bock–Aitkin EM algorithm for 1PL and 2PL random-item models, including correlated difficulty and log discrimination. Capabilities are structural parameters; item effects are integrated over a normal population....

A hybrid machine learning framework integrating persian NLP for occupational risk classification in steel manufacturing

Human error remains a leading cause of occupational accidents in high-risk industries, yet traditional risk assessment methods often overlook valuable information embedded in unstructured textual data. This study develops and validates a hybrid machine learning framework combining structured risk data with Natural Lang...

Development of Comic-Assisted Interactive Media to Improve Learning Outcomes on Lithosphere Material in Grade X Geography: A Contribution to Quality Education (SDG 4)

Lithosphere processes are difficult to observe directly, while teacher-centered instruction and static media limit students' conceptual understanding. This study developed comic-assisted interactive media for Grade X geography and evaluated its validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Research and development followe...

The Birth of Dimensions: A Formal Skeleton

Some inaccuracies were found, so this version has been closed. I will try to adjust the presentation over the next couple of days. This work presents a formal skeleton of the model developed in the book Process and Observer: The Birth of Dimensions and the Observable Picture of the World. It is not an independent theor...

Problem Choice Without a Referee: An Automated Novelty Check Certifies an Empty Search, a Rediscovery Benchmark Credits the Hypothesis Humans Found Next, and Every Located Referee of Worth Independent of Proposer and Field Needs the Objective Given

(c) 2026 Pranay Mahendrakar. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Pipelines that claim to automate scientific discovery gate their search on a judgement that a proposed idea or problem is novel and worth pursuing. The best-controlled evidence on that judgement points two ways at once: in a blind study involving more than one hund...

PREreview of "Comparative Analysis of Explainable AI for Depression Risk Assessment Based on Digital Behavior of University Students"

This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/23110671. 1. Introduction and research objectives We find the research question relevant, particularly the attempt to make predictions about students' mental health more interpretab...

Automatic Spoken Word Recognition for Very Low-Resource Languages: A Comparison Between Zero-Shot and Siamese Approaches in Two Indigenous Languages

Beyond Constrained Decoding: Grammar-Aware Fine-Tuning for Small Language Models

PREreview of "Design and Implementation of a Self-Service Kiosk with Embedded Analytics and Demand Forecasting for Small Retail Decision Support"

This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/23108434. Major issues Reliance on simulated rather than real-world retail data limits the generalization of the study. Limited validation with actual small retail users or operatio...

PREreview of "Comparative Analysis of Explainable AI for Depression Risk Assessment Based on Digital Behavior of University Students"

This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/23110671. 1. Introduction and research objectives We find the research question relevant, particularly the attempt to make predictions about students' mental health more interpretab...

Harness-Driven Progressive Detail: Making Stateless and Small Language Models Do Bounded Agentic Work — An Implementation Report under PSOS and LMCP

Agentic coding and operations work is usually delegated to a model running an open tool loop: the model decides each next step, re-reads its growing transcript every turn, and stops when it believes it has finished. That arrangement is affordable on a provider with prompt caching, where each turn pays only for new toke...