small language model

An Interactive Computational Tool Using the Gauss-Seidel Method for Power Flow Analysis in Electrical Engineering Education

The development and implementation of an interactive computational tool in MATLAB for power flow analysis is presented. The software addresses the challenges of modeling electric power systems under complex topologies and incomplete data. By applying the iterative Gauss-Seidel method, which optimizes computational load...

Paired neuronal-haemodynamic neurovascular coupling measures and cognitive performance in vascular pathology: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) links neuronal activity to haemodynamic responses. Altered NVC may contribute to cognitive impairment in vascular pathology, but evidence is limited by inconsistent definitions and by the conflation of paired neuronal–haemodynamic NVC measures with haemodynamic-only, model-derived, or...

LLM Compression with Jointly Optimizing Architectural and Quantization Choices

Retina as a window to systemic hypertension: From hypertensive retinopathy to artificial intelligence-driven microvascular biomarkers

The retinal microvasculature is the only vascular bed in the human body that can be visualised directly, non-invasively and repeatedly in vivo.Because retinal arterioles share embryological origin, calibre and autoregulatory physiology with the cerebral and coronary microcirculation, hypertension-induced retinal change...

Parallelism, critical windows, and separations among diffusion language models

A fine-grained comparison of the capacity for parallelism among these three leading approaches is initiated and it is proved that uniform and Gaussian diffusion can sample in a number of forward passes which scales with the dual total correlation of the underlying distribution.

Beyond Shadow Weights: Quantization-Aware Training as Quantized-Endpoint Descent

An idealized model for the residual phase is proposed, which records where each shadow weight sits inside its quantization cell as a fraction of the cell width as a fraction of the cell width, which leads to a crossing law that determines which coordinates cross quantization boundaries after a shadow update.

Labelling Bug-Fixing Commits with Local Open-Weight Language Models

This paper examines whether commits can be labelled as bug fixes from their content alone, using open-weight language models that run locally and therefore keep the process reproducible, inexpensive at corpus scale, usable on proprietary code, and independent of any issue tracker.

Two Fault Lines: Latent Polarity Geometry in X Community Notes

It is argued for a bridging model with more than one axis of disagreement, and for recruiting raters in the languages the current design reaches least, for recruiting raters in the languages the current design reaches least.

What Stops a Small Language Model From Driving a Database Agent

Small open-weight language models are assumed to fail at agentic database work because they lack the reasoning capacity for it, and a test against a production system finds that that assumption is false.

Towards Zero-Shot Attribution of Synthetic Speech via Audio-Text Contrastive Retrieval

This model couples a frozen Wav2Vec2-BERT audio encoder with a frozen E5 text encoder and aligns them through small trainable projection heads, using a contrastive objective that combines a cross-modal supervised-contrastive loss with intra-modal terms.

FAN: Foresight Action Normalization for Continual Adaptation of Vision-Language-Action Models

FAN is introduced, which achieves the highest performance and demonstrates consistent robustness, providing insightful guidance for building stable action representations in achieving effective lifelong VLA adaptation.

Configurable Multi-Stage Vision Pipeline for Crop Disease and Pest Diagnosis

Farmer.Chat is Digital Green's farm advisory service for smallholder farmers. When something looks wrong with a crop, the farmer takes a photograph and sends it, and that photograph is the whole question: no symptom described, no crop named, often no text at all. The service has to determine whether the picture can be...