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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2025

TripScore: Aligning LLMs for Real-World Travel Planning via Expert-Calibrated Reward

TripScore is presented, a behavior-grounded benchmark and evaluation framework built from real user logs and calibrated against 1,468 pairwise judgments by 203 travel experts that finds that reinforcement learning fine-tuning provides consistent gains over other approaches under the same base model and practical latenc...

Yin-Cen Qu, Huan Xiao, Feng Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

oMeBench: Towards Robust Benchmarking of LLMs in Organic Mechanism Elucidation and Reasoning

Organic reaction mechanisms describe the step-wise elementary processes by which reactants transform into intermediates and products, and are fundamental to understanding chemical reactivity and guiding molecular and reaction de-sign. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise on chemical tasks such as synth...

Ruiling Xu, Yifan Zhang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Coding Agents with an Obstacle-Aware Harness for Safe Robot Manipulation

Coding agents have emerged as a promising paradigm for robot manipulation: a language model writes the robot controller as a program, and agents built in this way now operate robots without robot-specific training.Whether this paradigm is also safe, however, has not been asked. We evaluate coding agent under a safety c...

Bing-Xin Xu, Yu-Zhang Shang, Zhen-Han Dong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Harm Laundering in GPT Models: Evidence That Gender Discrimination Is Transformed Rather Than Reduced Across Safety-Trained Generations

Safety evaluations for large language models rely on surface-form classifiers that report declining harm scores across model generations. We provide evidence that this methodology is systematically incomplete: explicit discriminatory content is transformed rather than removed. We call this \emph{harm laundering}. Analy...

S. Wyer, Sue Black, N. Al Moubayed · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Don't Mask the Environment: Observation Supervision Changes How Agents Explore Under RL

This work introduces ActObs, which also supervises the observation tokens already present in each trajectory, and traces this difference to SFT: action and observation gradients rapidly become orthogonal, while action-only training leaves a large residual observation gradient and degrades environment prediction below t...

Juzheng Zhang, Disha Makhija, Manoj Ghuhan Arivazhagan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Chronicle: Cut-Point Replay for Regression Testing of LLM Agents

Large language model responses are non-deterministic, so failures in LLM agents are hard to reproduce: a failure depends on inference that is not bitwise reproducible, on tools that read changing state, and on a multi-step trajectory that a re-run rarely repeats. Record-and-replay makes a run reproducible, but existing...

Tisha Chawla, Susheem Koul · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Model-Agnostic and Language-Agnostic Voice Pipeline Improvement for the Agriculture Domain

FarmerChat is Digital Green's AI-powered agricultural advisory assistant for smallholder farmers, who access it in their own language through text, voice, or photographs. Voice is a critical channel for this population, yet field-recorded speech is challenging for general-purpose automatic speech recognition (ASR) beca...

Aakash Singh, Lakshmi N. Pedapudi, S. ChandrashekarM et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Edustories: A Collection of Real-world Case Studies from Classroom Practices

Despite the widely recognized potential of AI in education, most prior work has focused on individualized student assistance. In contrast, the majority of educational practice worldwide still takes place in collective classroom settings. To enable researchers to study AI assistance in collective teaching, we introduce...

Michal Štefánik, J. Nehyba, Jirina Karasova et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Stress-testing Alignment Midtraining

There is not enough public evidence for us to confidently state that midtraining can address the core difficulties inherent in aligning powerful AI systems, and it is believed that demonstrations must be present either in midtraining or post-training datasets for these rules to be robustly learned.

Sid Baines, Jonathan Bostock, M. Martínez et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Xeno-Interpretability: Investigating the Alien Minds of LLMs

The aim of interpretability shifts the aim of interpretability from finding human concepts inside models toward discovering and characterizing the representational structures that are native to the models themselves and might affect their behaviour in unpredictable ways.

F. Pierucci, M. B. Syrnikov, M. Prandi et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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