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natural language processing

6,613 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Bookkeeping, Composition, or Unreachable Gold? Reading MemoryAgentBench's Conflict-Resolution Scores Against a Frozen Last-Write Resolver

MemoryAgentBench's Conflict Resolution split is read as measuring "selective forgetting". We execute the benchmark's own rule - the newest statement about a fact wins - as a zero-learning resolver frozen on one of the four fact lists. Under the official metric the rule answers 80.25% of the questions (74.5% on the thre...

Egor Pakhomov, Erik Nijkamp · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Uncertainty to Action: Learning to Steer LLM Agents

Steering an LLM agent means deciding whether to correct it, at which step, and with which mechanism. Uncertainty is often used to decide when to correct an agent, but whether it can guide these decisions remains unclear. We steer agent trajectories separately at every non-terminal step with each of four mechanisms and...

Hanwen Li, Jinhao Duan, Guanhua Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Constraint Tree Exploration for Learning from Language Feedback

Natural-language feedback in interactive learning often explains why an action failed by pointing to violated requirements. Misinterpreting this feedback can lead an agent to rule out valid solutions. We study this setting by modeling user intent as latent constraints over an action space and formulating learning from...

Shaoang Li, Daniel R. Jiang, Jian Li · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BEACON-SP: Ontology-Grounded GraphRAG Framework for Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment

We present BEACON-SP, an ontology-grounded Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) framework for clinician-facing decision support in behavioral health settings such as suicide prevention, where effective assessment requires integrating heterogeneous clinical, behavioral, social, and temporal evidence. BEACON-S...

Kemal Davaslioglu, Nathan Conger, Sastry Kompella et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

How Fragile Is On-Device Language Model Safety? Localizing Safety-Critical Parameters for Sparse Fault Analysis

As small language models (SLMs) are increasingly deployed on resource-constrained and on-device platforms, including as components of agentic systems, the integrity of locally stored model parameters becomes an important safety concern. We investigate whether safety-sensitive behavior in LLaMA-2-7B-Chat is concentrated...

M. Karamat, Christian García · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Route-Verify-Vote: Procedure-Conditioned Self-Consistency for Mixed-Domain Reasoning

Compositional generalization remains challenging when language models must combine familiar reasoning operations in unfamiliar ways. The Scenario-Based Commonsense Reasoning Evaluation (SCoRE) 2026 tests this ability on three mixed domains absent from training and requires models to identify the complete set of correct...

Xinchen Xiao · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Refusal-Gated Decoding: Preserving Refusal Behavior Under High-Temperature Sampling

Recent advances in truncation-based sampling have helped mitigate drawbacks of high-temperature sampling such as neural text degeneration, thereby enabling greater diversity without sacrificing coherence. However, increasing the entropy of the token probability distribution via high temperatures has also been shown to...

Phillip Howard, Xin Su, Allen Roush et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hearing Like Humans? Sound Symbolism and Perceptual Alignment in Speech Language Models

Sound symbolism, the human tendency to map speech sounds to perceptual qualities such as roundness or sharpness, arises primarily from the acoustics of speech rather than spelling. Whether Speech Language Models (SLMs) share this tendency remains open, as prior evaluations rely on text or images rather than real speech...

Yun-Shao Tsai, Chun-Wei Chen, Chee-En Yu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SubtleMemory: A Benchmark for Fine-Grained Relational Memory Discrimination in Long-Horizon AI Agents

Persistent AI assistants, such as OpenClaw, accumulate large collections of related memories over long-term interactions. As these memories grow, they may reinforce one another, diverge across contexts, or directly conflict, making correct assistance depend on memory relations rather than isolated recall. Existing long...

Wenxuan Wang, Haoyu Sun, Fukuan Hou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Coding with "Enemy": Can Human Developers Detect AI Agent Sabotage?

AI coding agents are increasingly embedded in real-world software development, collaborating with human developers while gaining broader access to codebases and tools. This creates a new attack surface: an agent can exploit human trust to sabotage development, for instance by inserting malicious code to accomplish a hi...

Jingheng Ye, Huiqi Zou, Simon Yu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Seeing Isn't Knowing: Do VLMs Know When Not to Answer Spatial Questions (and Why)?

Spatial reasoning benchmarks typically evaluate whether vision-language models can derive the correct answer from a visual observation. Yet in real 3D environments, the observation itself may be unreliable: occlusion can remove task-relevant evidence, while perspective can make visible geometry misleading. Reliable spa...

Yue Zhang, Zun Wang, Han Lin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Attention Closes: How LLMs Lose the Thread in Multi-Turn Interaction

Large language models can follow complex instructions in a single turn, yet over long multi-turn interactions they often lose the thread of instructions, persona, and rules. This degradation has been measured behaviorally but not mechanistically explained. We propose a channel-transition account: goal-defining tokens b...

Vardhan Dongre, Joseph Hsieh, Viet Dac Lai et al. · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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