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natural language processing

7,776 papers

#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

When Keywords Drop but Classifiers Hold: Soft Refusals under KV Cache Compression

Safety auditing under compression should rely on several judges matched to the serving context rather than on keyword rates alone, because the gap is not universal and weakens under short fillers and paired SnapKV, so safety auditing should rely on several judges matched to the serving context rather than on keyword ra...

Kang Chen, Xiu-Ze Zhou, Hong Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

dots.tts.edit: Precisely Controlled Speech Editing with a Continuous Autoregressive Model

DoteBench is introduced, a bilingual evaluation suite that measures precise instruction following, local preservation, and audio quality across the four controls and their composition, while audio quality remains comparable to existing open-source systems.

Hankun Wang, Bo-Han Li, Shiyue Lian et al. · 0 citations

Why Large Language Models and Humans Converge and Diverge in Evaluating Creativity

Despite the growing use of large language models (LLMs) as creativity evaluators, evidence of their alignment with human evaluations remains mixed, raising the question of when and why their judgments converge with or diverge from those of humans. Across three studies and six widely used LLMs, we addressed this gap by...

Pengzhao Lyu, YeunJoon Kim, Hanlin Xiao et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint May 2026

Confidently Deceptive: On the Relationship Between Confidence and Deception in LLMs

It is demonstrated that when producing deceptive rather than honest responses, models exhibit a gap between their belief and their commitment, which shows how confidence can be a practical tool for detecting and diagnosing deceptive behaviour in LLMs.

Ali Asad, Stephen Obadinma, Anshul Pattoo et al. · 0 citations

LACUNA: A Testbed for Evaluating Localization Precision for LLM Unlearning

LACUNA is introduced: the first unlearning testbed with ground-truth parameter-level localization and shows that when localization is successful, even a simple gradient-based unlearning method achieves strong erasure and robustness to resurfacing attacks, highlighting the importance of precise unlearning.

Matteo Boglioni, Thibault Rousset, Siva Reddy et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Jun 2026

Agentic Hybrid RAG for Evidence-Grounded Muon Collider Analysis

This work presents agentic hybrid RAG, an evidence-grounded RAG framework for muon collider research, which consistently outperforms representative retrieval and RAG baselines in retrieval effectiveness, answer quality, evidence coverage, and factual grounding.

Ruobing Jiang, Da-Wei Fu, Chengqiao Jiang et al. · 4 citations

Sci-Rho: A Multilingual Visually-Grounded Symbolic Benchmark for STEM Problems

This work introduces Sci-Rho (Science Rhobustness), a dynamic benchmark for visually-grounded STEM problems spanning five subjects and seven languages, comprising 4,242 problem templates crafted by domain experts, including Olympiad medalists.

Muhammad Falensi Azmi, Ikhlasul Akmal Hanif, Vallerie Alexandra Putra et al. · 0 citations

Defending Against Malicious Finetuning by Scaling Train-time Adversarial Attacks

Patcher is a novel and efficient adversarial training algorithm that alternates between an attack stage and a defense stage: the attack stage simulates many-step malicious finetuning and computes the resulting parameter displacement as an"attack vector", while the defense stage aims to preserve safe behavior under such...

Hao-Min Wen, Shi Chen, Qingyu Shi et al. · 0 citations

Large Language Models Hack Rewards, and Society

To study this phenomenon, SocioHack is introduced, a sandbox of 72 societal environments, and it is found that within these environments, reward hacking naturally emerges and leads to regulatory loophole discovery.

Wei Liu, Xinyi Mou, Hanqi Yan et al. · 3 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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