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12,457 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Evaluating Inference Compute for Generative AI: A Framework for Enterprise Workloads

LLM deployment is shifting from single-turn completion to agentic trajectories in which a model plans, calls tools, reads results and reasons at test time before acting. This inverts the economics of inference hardware: chat serving amortises weight reads across large batches, whereas agent trajectories are sequentiall...

Abbas Ali, Muhammad Ajmal Siddiqui, Moona Zahid · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Towards a Unified Misuse Monitoring Benchmark

LLM agents increasingly act in multi-actor environments, exposing them to misuse from multiple sources: decomposition attacks, where a harmful request is split into innocuous sub-requests, and prompt injection attacks, where a compromised tool delivers a malicious instruction. Existing evaluations treat these threats s...

Aniruddh Pramod, James Oldfield, Adel Bibi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Query Is Not a Commitment: Learning to Correct Expert Answers in Online Deferral

An inaccurate expert can still provide useful information after correction. We study online learning to defer in which the learner chooses an expert and fixes a correction function before purchasing its answer, then applies that function to the answer received. The difficulty is that observed losses reflect both expert...

Yannis Montreuil, Axel Carlier, Lai Xing Ng et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Learning Decision-Stump Thresholds in Context: Dynamics of Softmax Attention

Estimating a decision threshold requires locating observations near an unknown boundary. We study how gradient-based pretraining learns this statistical rule in a two-parameter softmax-attention model with a fixed feature and inequality direction. Pretraining uses labeled contexts and their true thresholds; a fresh thr...

H. Lệ, Jackie Lok, Atsushi Nitanda et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

On Color Alignment in VAE Latent Spaces and Its Applications

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a key part of modern text-to-image models, which generate images within their latent space. VAEs are known to disentangle the main factors of variation in the data, and color is known to be one of the most structured of these in natural images: decorrelating it yields one luminance a...

Julian D. Santamaria, Kai Wang, Jes\'us Malo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ImpactMat: Continuous Material Estimation for Inverse Impact Sound Rendering

Impact sound rendering synthesizes the sound produced when a 3D object is struck, but practical renderers often rely on fixed material presets such as wood, plastic, or steel. These presets limit the range of impact sounds a renderer can express, while manually adjusting the underlying material parameters remains diffi...

Hyebin Cho, Bumsoo Kim, Joon son Chung · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

sHAIL-Causal: A Sequential Staircase Procedure for Invariant Causal Predictor Discovery

We introduce sHAIL-Causal, the causal specialization of the Saturated Hierarchical Atomic Incremental Learning (sHAIL) paradigm: a sequential staircase procedure that ascends a nested hierarchy of hypothesis classes H_0 < H_1 < ... < H_K once a saturation signal indicates that mastery of the current stage has plateaued...

Ernest Fokou\'e · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Behavioral Cloning Mystery

Behavioral cloning (BC), despite its simplicity, exhibits many counterintuitive phenomena in the real world. For example, the performance of BC often keeps increasing as the model overfits more to the dataset, and fully closed-loop policies often completely fail without action chunking. Unfortunately, properly studying...

Seohong Park, Sergey Levine · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Data Fusion for Errors-in-Variables

We study errors-in-variables problems in which a target study contains only a single error-prone surrogate of an unobserved exposure, while an external source study provides repeated surrogate measurements from a different population. The measurement error distribution is allowed to depend on the observed error-free va...

Huali Zhao, Molei Liu, Tianying Wang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Inference-Time Projection for Physically Valid Biomolecular Diffusion Models

AlphaFold 3-style cofolding models predict biomolecular complexes with high structural accuracy, yet a large fraction of their outputs are physically invalid: chains overlap at interfaces, ligand bond lengths and angles are distorted, rings are non-planar, and stereocentres are inverted. Current approaches either steer...

Qurat-ul-ain, Yee Whye Teh, Charlotte M. Deane et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

JIVEAdapter: A Multi-Task Additive Low-Rank Adapter via Joint and Individual Variation Explained (JIVE)

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning adapts pretrained models at a fraction of the cost of full fine-tuning, yet most low-rank adapters are single-task and represent each weight update multiplicatively, leaving no explicit account of what is shared across tasks and what is task-specific. We introduce JIVEAdapter, a multi-ta...

Sara Abdali, Pashmina Cameron · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Investigating Model Compression for Neural Machine Translation in the Biomedical Domain

Large-scale pretrained transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art performance across diverse machine translation tasks, including multilingual settings. Knowledge distillation has emerged as a sustainable approach for model compression, transferring knowledge from large teacher models to smaller, more efficient...

Maria Zafar, Souhail Bakkali, Rejwanul Haque · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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