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machine learning

12,457 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Single-Loop, Constant-Batch First-Order Penalty Method for Stochastic Bilevel Optimization

Recent advances in penalty-based methods for stochastic bilevel optimization (SBO) have eliminated the need for second-order derivative oracles. However, for stochastic nonconvex-strongly convex bilevel problems, existing first-order methods typically rely on nested loops and/or large batch sizes for attaining $O(\epsi...

Xingyu Chen, Ming Yang, Quanqi Hu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What Words Keep of a Place: Zero-Shot Language Reasoning for Cross-View Geo-Localization

Cross-view geo-localization is commonly solved as an image retrieval problem, matching a ground-level image against a database of satellite tiles through a jointly trained embedding. Such models are accurate, but they need large paired supervision and cannot show what evidence supports a match. In this paper, we study...

Ayesh Abu Lehyeh, Jay Hwasung Jung, Safwan Wshah · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Lineage-Aware Memory Governance: A Derivation-Gated Framework for Privacy-Preserving Column-Level Access Control in Enterprise AI Agents

Enterprise AI agents that share a memory store face two unaddressed risks: sensitive data can leak through legitimately computed results the requester could not derive, and departments can silently compute a same-named key performance indicator (KPI) through conflicting logic. Existing agent-memory systems (e.g., MemGP...

Venkata M Sangaraju, Sudhir Vissa · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hybrid Cross-Modal Attention Network for Early Breast Cancer Detection in Low-Resource Clinical Settings

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Sub-Saharan Africa, where delayed diagnosis results from limited radiology expertise and fragmented clinical data systems. Although deep learning models have demonstrated strong performance in mammographic analysis, most rely solely on imagin...

Simon Hadush Nrea (Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia) et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Inefficient Is Natural Gradient Descent? From Exact Optimality to \Theta ( \sqrt{ \log d } ) Divergence

Natural gradient descent (NGD) underlies common methods in ML. For dually flat families, idealized NGD on the forward Kullback--Leibler objective follows the mixture geodesic which is often longer than the shortest Fisher--Rao path. We quantify this overhead by the inefficiency ratio \(R \ge 1\), the Fisher length of t...

Guni Sharon, A. Kuhnle · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

An overview of machine learning-enhanced iterative methods for systems of linear and nonlinear equations

Systems of equations arise in a wide range of scientific and engineering applications. The present work focuses on solvers for general systems of equations, including but not limited to those arising from partial differential equations. These systems can be broadly categorized into linear and nonlinear problems. For la...

Yuhuang Meng, Jing Zhao, Alexander Heinlein · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Learning Disentangled Representations with Quantum Variational Autoencoders

Variational autoencoders are powerful representation learning models that map complex data into low-dimensional latent spaces, enabling the discovery of interpretable and disentangled factors. Such representations can facilitate the interpretation and controllable generation of data describing complex scientific system...

Gao-Yuan Wang, Jerry Tan, M. Gerstein · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Interleaved Projected Gradient Descent for Safe Imitation Learning

We propose an imitation-learning design for neural-network control policies under state and input constraints. Training alternates a standard imitation gradient step with a block of $k$ safety steps that pull the network's actions toward their projection onto the safe set; at run time, the controller is the trained net...

Shengfan Cao, Francesco Borrelli · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CroissantMiner: Automated Extraction and Validation of Croissant Metadata for ML Datasets

Croissant has emerged as a standard for machine-readable dataset metadata, yet populating its fields remains labor-intensive and requires careful reading of accompanying dataset documentation. We present the first benchmark enabling end-to-end evaluation of metadata extraction aligned with a community-standard schema....

Berke Arda, Ahmetcan Yavuz, Paul Gerry et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Is this machine playing?

We placed a modern AI coding assistant in an unintended role: as the mind of a body on an unknown digital island. With only a minimal instruction mentioning no specific task, reward, or activity, the machine started animating its virtual body. Across thirty-hour runs, the embodied AI agent climbed hills, stacked blocks...

Nathan Cloos, Antonio Norelli, Daniel Durbin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Jailbreaking Open-Weight LLMs via Random Embedding Perturbations

While open-weight models have enjoyed steady progress in capabilities and wide adoption across multiple domains, their safety remains an important concern. One key feature is the ability to refuse or deflect harmful, malicious, or insensitive prompts. In this paper, we expose safety vulnerabilities across six common op...

Abhinav Sudhakar Dubey (University of California Santa Cruz), Scott Sirri (University of California Santa Cruz), Vaggos Chatziafratis (University of California Santa Cruz) et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

AMBER: Training Long-Horizon Web Agents through Append-Only Memory

Modern language-model agents increasingly interact with external environments over long-horizon, multi-step trajectories, where the accumulated interaction history can quickly exceed practical context budgets. To ensure reliability, agents must maintain factual information over long horizons, remember execution errors...

Chinmay Savadikar, Zhao-Yu Zhang, Ming-Yu Zhao et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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