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12,457 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

HAN-Mamba: Hierarchical Selective State Space Networks for Multi-Scale Financial Volatility Forecasting

Short-horizon realized volatility forecasting requires the integration of market information that evolves at incompatible temporal resolutions, from second-level order book dynamics to weekly regime drift. Our conference work introduced HAN-T, a hierarchical architecture in which scale-specific Transformer encoders pro...

M. Deaconu, Ioan-Daniel Pop · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Thinking in Depth: Retrospective Inference for Tabular Foundation Models

Tabular foundation models (TFMs) are pretrained across diverse tabular tasks and make predictions on a new table at inference time using its labeled examples as context. Most recent TFMs perform such in-context prediction with stacked Transformer layers, repeatedly transforming how examples are represented and compared...

Hao-Run Cai, Si-Yang Liu, Zi-Jian Cheng et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PoreML: A Data-Driven Framework for Learning Multiphase Flow in Porous Media

Multiphase flow in porous microstructures is central to CO$_2$ storage, fuel-cell operation, and flip-chip packaging. Predicting these flows remains challenging because wettability and complex pore geometry govern the nonlinear evolution of fluid interfaces. Machine learning holds substantial promise for advancing the...

Chunyang Wang, Mingrui Zhang, Yuyan Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RSIGym: A Flexible Environment for Recursive Self-Improvement

Recursive self-improvement requires carrying accepted changes into later improvement cycles, while studying agent-proposed changes also requires substantial research infrastructure. Existing settings often leave agents to rebuild routine infrastructure or restrict exploration to individual components. We introduce RSIG...

Fanqing Meng, Lingxiao Du, Haocheng Lu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Do Transformers Learn to Represent Symmetries?

Training Transformer-based architectures with finite data augmentation has become an increasingly popular approach in geometric machine learning. Despite its empirical success, the interplay between the Transformer architecture, invariance to different symmetries, and augmentation budgets remains underexplored. In this...

Eduardo Santos-Escriche, Valerie Engelmayer, Ya-Wei Eileen Lin et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Continual Graph Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

In Continual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (CMARL), agents learn cooperative policies across sequences of tasks, aiming to adapt effectively to new tasks while preserving the ability to solve previously encountered ones. In many applications, tasks differ in their underlying structure, which can represent, for exa...

Tommaso Marzi, Ahmed Hendawy, Jan Peters et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Revisiting Explainable AI through Model-Independent Concept Dictionaries

Modern applications of AI rely on increasingly complex models. Explainable AI (XAI) has emerged as a set of techniques aimed at improving model transparency. However, existing XAI methods typically assume input features to be inherently interpretable, or they rely on intermediate internal abstractions that are difficul...

T. Schnake, Doreen Schöppenthau, Alexander Meyer et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Shared Gaussianization: What Gaussian Regularizers Certify About Contrastive Learning, and What They Miss

What can a distribution-matching regularizer such as SIGReg in LeJEPA certify about contrastive learning? We study shared Gaussianization (SG), a characteristic-function Gaussianity test on the average of two normalized views, scaled by an independent $\chi_d$ radius. Because disagreeing views shorten the average, one...

Ruoyu Zhao, Yuting Chen, Jinheng Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Physics-Aligned Electronic Ground-State Learning Improves Generalization

Machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) excel at in-distribution tasks, accelerating drug and material development, yet they struggle to generalize out-of-distribution. We propose to push the cost-accuracy Pareto frontier by designing observable-agnostic electronic ground-state descriptor models (GSMs) with comp...

Eike S. Eberhard, Xaver Kainz, Viktor Kotsev et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PatchBench: Measuring Collateral Damage in Activation Patching

An LLM safety patch can pass a benchmark while still being a poor repair. This risk is especially acute for jailbreak repairs, where the goal is to correct a specific unsafe behaviour without changing unrelated behaviours. A patch may block exact evaluation prompts yet fail on close harmful variants, or suppress harmfu...

Alexi Canesse, Mathis Le Bail, Ma\"el Jenny et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Sparse Planning in Visual World Models via Cost Gradients

Token-based world models enable fine-grained latent planning, but repeatedly processing large spatial token grids makes action search expensive. We introduce COSTGRAD, a training-free, goal-conditioned selector that ranks spatial tokens by the gradient norm of the planning cost with respect to each input token. By deri...

Ying-Chen Xu, Edward Grefenstette · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Closed-Loop Non-Asymptotic Convergence Analysis of PPO with Learned Critics and Clipping

Despite its widespread use, Proximal Policy Optimization with clipping (PPO-Clip) remains difficult to tune, and the interactions among critic learning, clipping, and rollout reuse remain incompletely understood. We develop a \emph{non-asymptotic} analysis of PPO-Clip as a \emph{closed-loop actor--critic} system. It ca...

Junwei Su, Mengfan Liu, Yanyong Zhang et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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