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12,457 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

On the Clock: Towards Punctual and Productive Time-Budgeted AI Agents

We study whether small LLM agents can operate effectively under explicit wall-clock time budgets by both respecting the allocated runtime and using available time productively. We evaluate Qwen3.6-27B on five competitions from MLE-Bench Lite and Qwen3-4B on Zork I (Jericho), two agentic benchmarks where additional comp...

Aaron Wang, Neelabh Madan, Vlad Sobal et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Whose Ground Truth? Embracing Ambiguity in Human-Centered AI

As AI systems increasingly interact with people and make decisions about them, understanding human interpretations becomes an important part of developing human-centered AI. Conventional machine learning and AI systems are largely developed under the assumption that a single definitive ground truth exists, with variabi...

Jingyao Wu, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Per R{\aa}dberg Nagb{\o}l et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Plan-and-Patch: Diffusion Language Models for Agentic Planning

Planning is increasingly important for long-horizon agents, where successful execution requires coordinating subgoals, tool use, and intermediate outcomes over many steps. Yet assumptions made during planning may be invalidated by the environment, tools may return unexpected results, or actions may fail. Effective agen...

Syamantak Kumar, Jiang Guo, Hassan Hamad et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hallucination Self-Play: Bootstrapping Reinforced Detector via Evolved Generator

Identifying faithfulness hallucinations in LLM-generated outputs remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality annotated data. Recent work relies on advanced LLMs to synthesize training data, including rationales, labels, and hallucinated claims. However, these methods treat the generator as a static componen...

Shiping Yang, Shining Liang, Weihao Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BehaviorBench: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Behavioral Science Tasks

Foundation models have been increasingly applied to behavioral science domains such as psychology, sociology, and economics. While these models show promise in tasks such as survey response prediction and human-subject experiment simulation, there remains no systematic understanding of how well they perform across dive...

Jin Huang, Yutong Xie, Wanli Song et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reinforcement Learning-Based Traffic Signal Control for IoT-Enabled Intersections

Urban traffic congestion remains a persistent challenge in car-dependent cities, imposing significant economic and societal costs. Traffic signal systems are increasingly deployed as networked cyber-physical components within smart-city infrastructures, where distributed sensing and edge intelligence enable adaptive tr...

Yousef AlSaqabi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

An RRAM-based Hardware Implementation of a Radial Basis Function Neuron for Edge Classifiers

The deployment of modern machine learning (ML) solutions on resource-constrained edge devices highlights implementation challenges. This is especially true for extreme edge applications that include safety-critical components, such as autonomous navigation tasks. This paper demonstrates an artificial neural network (AN...

Georgios Papandroulidakis, Shady Agwa, Themis Prodromakis · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Are Good Generators Good Decision-Makers? Policy Learning for General Interventions via Retargeted Counterfactual Generation

Generative models are increasingly used to support decision-making in complex systems, where interventions may be joint and high-dimensional, and outcomes are high-dimensional. However, using generators for these decision-making settings are challenged by three problems. First, they are often trained on noisy logs with...

Raphael C Kim, Jingsen Zhu, Ramin Zabih et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Modeling Robotics Dataset Construction as an Artifact-Based Build Process

Robotic systems generate large volumes of multimodal sensor data, but converting ROS bag recordings into machine learning datasets is often handled by ad hoc sequential scripts, creating engineering overhead and slow iteration cycles. We model dataset construction as an artifact-based build process over a dependency gr...

Leon Pohl, Lukas Beer, George Sebastian et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Latent Performance Profiling of Large Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) frequently achieve impressive scores on standardized benchmarks, yet accuracy alone offers a limited view of their capabilities. Evaluating open-source LLMs on leaderboards faces persistent issues such as data contamination, a narrow task scope, and poor alignment with real-world reliabilit...

Tanmoy Chakraborty, Ayan Sengupta, Suparna Bhattacharya et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

QLIF-CAST: Quantum Leaky-Integrate-and-Fire for Time-Series Weather Forecasting

Accurate and efficient time-series forecasting remains a challenging problem for both classical and quantum neural architectures, particularly in multivariate environmental settings. This work adapts the Quantum Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (QLIF) spiking neural network for time-series regression tasks, specifically short-...

Alberto Marchisio, Aayan Ebrahim, Nouhaila Innan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Empirical Evidence for Simply Connected Decision Regions in Image Classifiers

The topology of a classifier's decision regions determines how inputs with the same predicted label can be connected and deformed without changing that prediction. Prior empirical work constructed paths between same-label images within a single region, but did not examine whether loops bound surfaces within that region...

Arjhun Swaminathan, Mete Akg\"un · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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