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15,964 papers

#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Who Improves the Robot? Toward Physical Recursive Self-Improvement

This study investigates Physical Recursive Self-Improvement (Physical RSI), in which physical experience guides lasting updates to both a robot's capabilities and its improvement procedure, making subsequent improvement more effective across tasks.

Hai Zhou, Fan Yang, Ze-Yi Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Knowing the User Is Not Knowing What We Established: Grounding Awareness in Personal Agents

Personal-agent memory has largely focused on learning what users know, prefer, and want. However, knowing the user does not necessarily mean knowing what the user and the agent have established together. An assistant's proposal should not become an authorized instruction merely because it is remembered. We introduce Gr...

Jiajun Chen, Xinyue Chen, Yicheng Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

To Align or Not To Align: Check Your COMPASS Before You Train

Combining pretrained models is a common strategy for building AI systems, whether by aligning a vision encoder with a language model or merging fine-tuned checkpoints. However, finding compatible pairs typically requires costly empirical search, as compatibility is known only after alignment or merging. We propose COMP...

Fabian Gr\"oger, Petar Damjanovi\'c, Maria Brbi\'c · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Can an Agent Learn to Predict Its Own Failure? Outcome-Grounded Confidence Calibration in LLM Agents

Controlling an acting LLM agent means deciding, at each step of a long-horizon task, whether to trust its next action, abstain, or hand off to a human. That decision needs a per-step confidence signal predicting whether the current rollout will eventually succeed. The agent's own self-reported verbalized confidence is...

Ashutosh Hathidara · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LLM Agents for Automated Post-Training via Structured Recipe Optimization

Automated post-training transforms pre-trained large language models (LLMs) into models capable of handling diverse domains by automatically constructing and optimizing a recipe of coupled decisions over data sources, data processing, cross-domain composition, and training configuration under a limited experimental bud...

Ruohong Liu, Bohan Tang, Lekang Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ReTerm: Recovery Training for Self-Improving Terminal Agents

Terminal agents have shown strong abilities in complex coding tasks. However, they often struggle to recover from errors during long-running execution (e.g., command errors, faulty implementations), eventually leading to task failures. To this end, we present ReTerm, a self-improving terminal agent trained by learning...

Wei Xie, Kaituo Feng, Shiming Fu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neuro-Symbolic Graph Transformers for Hierarchical Intention Recognition from Multimodal Human Activity Sequences

Proactive human-robot collaboration requires autonomous systems to infer not only immediate actions but also the underlying hierarchical intentions governing human behavior. Current deep learning approaches predominantly focus on flat action classification, failing to capture the structural dependencies connecting kine...

Farnaz Soleimani (LISSI), Abdelghani Chibani (LISSI), Yacine Amirat (LISSI) et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ResearchFlow-Eval: Tracing the Execution Gap in End-to-End Multi-Claim Autoresearch

Autoresearch systems increasingly undertake entire research projects. In practice, scientific research requires systems to pursue multiple interdependent claims through a continuous, multi-stage workflow and revise experiments as evidence accumulates. Existing evaluations of autoresearch systems, however, typically sco...

Peng Jiang (Tsinghua University), Dongyang Li (Tsinghua University), Quanying Liu (Southern University of Science et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

WorkRover: Scaling Long-Horizon Cowork Agent Training Via Recursive Environment Evolution

Scaling interactive environments is important for training long-horizon agents through reinforcement learning. These environments often require further testing and refinement after initial generation, and correcting defects in a task may also require updating its work context and verifier. However, existing constructio...

Hang He, Linting Wang, Guanming Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SHELDON: Reasoning through Dual Search over Hypothesis and Observation Spaces

Test-time scaling has enabled LLMs to solve increasingly complex reasoning, discovery, and optimization tasks. However, existing approaches often gather observations while seeking evidence for current hypotheses, then generate new hypotheses conditioned on those hypotheses and their associated evidence. This couples ob...

Harshit Joshi, Priyank Shethia, Monica S. Lam · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

PaceReasoner: Label-Free Learning to Answer Briefly from Long Reasoning

Extended chain-of-thought reasoning improves problem-solving performance but increases inference cost and latency, motivating more accurate answers with shorter reasoning. We introduce PaceReasoner, a label-free test-time reinforcement learning framework that uses a model's LONG responses to improve its SHORT-mode accu...

Chang-Guo Jia, Zhi-You Xiao, Xin-Bei Ma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Training LLMs for Multi-Agent Collaboration with Verifiable Information Rewards

Effective collaboration among large language model (LLM) agents in multi-agent systems requires sharing relevant evidence, requesting missing information, and incorporating teammates'contributions into decisions. Training these behaviors is challenging because final task outcomes provide limited feedback on the value o...

Ke-Ru Chen, Sen-Fon Lin, Ying-Bin Liang et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 23, 2026

Q&A: How AI came to model the “messy” human mind

Assistant Professor Benjamin Lindquist studies how engineers deliberately injected randomness into early AI, giving rise to deep-learning models that sometimes hallucinate.

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