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#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

AgentTune: A Unified Training Lifecycle for Tool-Using LLM Agents

Tool-using agents increasingly require a common substrate for building, training, evaluating, distilling, and maintaining agentic systems, yet existing tooling typically addresses these stages in isolation. We present AgentTune, a source-available Python library that provides a unified framework for developing and opti...

R E Zera Marveen Lyngkhoi, Abhivansh Gupta, Vidushee Vats et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PDE-PFN: Prior-Data Fitted Neural PDE Solver

Motivated by the success of large language models (LLMs) with broad generalizability and robustness to noisy or unreliable pre-training data, we explore in-context prediction of PDE solution fields using approximate pre-training data. In addition, inspired by the posterior predictive mean-based inference mechanism of t...

Jaehyeon Park, Mingu Kang, Dongseok Lee et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

DuoRate: Two-Rate Per-Expert Precision Allocation for Mixture-of-Experts Serving

Serving a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) model pays for expert precision twice: the resident footprint pays for every expert the router can reach, while each batch-one decode step pays only for the experts it selects. These are two different rate functionals over the same per-expert widths, yet published per-expert MoE alloc...

Meng-Qi Guo, Zhe Wei, Yuan Yuan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SBNO : Schr\"odinger Bridge Neural Operator for the Forward and Inverse Problems under Missing Information

Partial differential equation (PDE) surrogate modeling often relies on either dense observations or access to governing equations/physics constraints. In practice, observations can be sparse and partial, and the underlying physics may be partially specified or unavailable. We introduce SBNO, an equation-free paired-dat...

Jaehyeon Park, Inhyeok Jeong, Noseong Park · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sustainable Cloud-Fog-Edge Systems for Smart Buildings: Algorithmic Adaptation under Memory Constraints and Dynamic Orchestration Strategies

The escalating environmental footprint of the Information and Communication Technol- ogy (ICT) sectorwith global Data Center electric- ity usage potentially reaching 3% by 2030 and the imperative for real-time responsiveness in smart buildings demand a foundational shift towards Edge Computing. This article proposes a...

Mamadou Sow, Christophe Cerin · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Structure-Aware Numerical Stabilization for Half-Precision Proximal Policy Optimization

Local online training on resource-constrained platforms requires low computational and training-state overhead. We study the numerical stability and computational efficiency of half-precision proximal policy optimization (PPO) on commodity GPUs. Directly converting PPO training to FP16 is unreliable because numerical e...

Linxuan Wu, Liang Chen · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MORAD: Reinforcement Learning with Multi-Objective Rewards for RNA Inverse Design

We introduce MORAD, an online reinforcement learning framework for backbone-conditioned RNA diffusion models that trains a single shared policy across diverse target backbones. Structure-conditioned RNA inverse design seeks nucleotide sequences compatible with a target three-dimensional backbone, yet existing reinforce...

Jixin Tang, Ji Guo, Jun Zhao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DAG Structure Learning with Node-Varying Heavy-Tailed Disturbances

DAG structures can be learned from observations by incorporating acyclicity via smooth constraints, such as DAGMA's log-determinant function. Typically, observations and the underlying DAG are related through linear structural equation models, with Gaussianity assumption on the disturbances at each node. Extending DAG...

Robin Francis, Sundeep Prabhakar Chepuri · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Recovering Irreducible Three-Body Interactions with Lagrangian Neural Networks

Lagrangian Neural Networks (LNNs) learn mechanical systems from trajectory data by parameterizing a scalar Lagrangian and deriving the dynamics through the Euler-Lagrange equations, biasing the model toward motion that respects the variational structure of mechanics. The interactions studied so far have been pairwise-a...

Sena Kalabalik, Sukru Caglar, Abdullah Umut Hamzaogullari et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MHR-Router: Multimodal Heterogeneous Retrieval-Enhanced Adaptive Routing for VLM Inference

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit complementary capabilities, yet selecting the most suitable expert for a given image-question query remains challenging due to heterogeneous multimodal inputs and varying expert strengths. Existing routing approaches rely on text-based cues or static model profiles, failing to capt...

Wenjuan Zhu, Zheming Yang, Yunqing Hu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CopRoute: Dependence-Aware Conformal Routing for Language Models

Set-based language model routing aims to increase the coverage of the event where at least one model answers a query correctly while controlling the number of inference calls made. Existing risk-controlled routing policies bound the all-miss risk (the probability that every model in the selected set fails) by calibrati...

Siva Rajesh Kasa, Santhosh Kumar Kasa, Karan Gupta · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Data-Adaptive Mahalanobis Metric Learning for Cross-Head Attention in Transformers

In this paper, we propose Data-Adaptive Mahalanobis Cross-Head Attention (DAMCHA), a simple and effective attention mechanism that generalizes Multi-Head Attention (MHA) through the lens of metric learning. Standard MHA implicitly learns a static, head-wise Euclidean similarity corresponding to the diagonal blocks of a...

Zhen-Ke Duan, Xin Li, Ji-Qun Pan et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

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