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machine learning

14,746 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LLM Value Functions for Credit Assignment in Agentic RL

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model (LLM) agents remains challenging in long-horizon tasks with sparse outcome rewards, where assigning credit to individual actions is difficult. Methods such as GRPO assign the same trajectory-level advantage to all actions, while critic-based methods require learning...

Kaijie Zhu, Weixiang Yan, Omar Attia et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hyperbolic Time Series Forecasting with Learnable Decomposition and Manifold Dynamics

Multiscale structure is central to time series forecasting: temporal signals contain slowly varying trends, intermediate seasonal patterns, and high-frequency residuals. Traditional forecasters model this multiscale structure in Euclidean space, without representing the ordering it induces among components. We identify...

Sarang Rajendra Patil, Vishal Fenn, Mengjia Xu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Uncovering the Generative Landscape of Diffusion Models: A Spectral-Guided Quality-Diversity Diffusion Framework

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models have emerged as powerful generative priors across domains ranging from molecular design to high-resolution image synthesis. However, standard diffusion sampling is inherently biased toward high-likelihood regions, often limiting the diversity of outputs. In many domains, a singl...

Hannah Janmohamed, Joao Correia, Penousal Machado et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What DNA Foundation Models Learn Beyond Sequence Composition

Do genomic foundation models (FMs) provide predictive information beyond simple sequence composition? We evaluate frozen representations from five DNA FMs against normalized k-mer frequencies across 57 genomic classification datasets and two exploratory gene-expression regression tasks. Simple k-mer features remain com...

Vincenzo Yuto Civale, Andrew David Bagdanov, Alberto Magi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RespFocus: Learning Temporal Evidence for Weakly Supervised Respiratory Sound Classification

Respiratory auscultation provides a low-cost means of assessing pulmonary function, yet transient crackles and sustained wheezes can be difficult to recognize in noisy clinical recordings. Conventional deep learning classifiers often operate as black boxes, offering limited insight into the temporal acoustic evidence s...

Yi Tian, Xiaohuan Chen, Yufei tang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TabMosaic: Unified In-Context Diffusion for Tabular Generative Tasks

Generative modeling for tabular data has advanced to the point where models can synthesize realistic records, recover missing values, and generate samples conditioned on class labels or observed attributes. Despite recent advances, existing approaches either require table-specific training or restrict in-context learni...

Jayoung Kim, Sanghyun Hong, Noseong Park · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ELECT: Settling Identity Before Rendering for Scalable Story Visualization

Training-free story visualization without reference images must preserve recurring entities across frames while scaling to long narratives. Existing methods typically maintain consistency by conditioning each frame on other frames of the same story, coupling generation time, VRAM, or both to story length. We introduce...

Mehrajul Abadin Miraj, Md. Mahmudul Hasan, Meherun Farzana et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

OceanFlow: Coherent Flow Matching for Probabilistic Ocean Modeling

Probabilistic ocean modeling is essential for risk-aware marine operations, climate analysis, and scientific decision-making, where downstream decisions depend on the conditional distribution of future ocean states rather than a single deterministic trajectory. Recent data-driven ocean models have made deterministic gl...

Yuan Gao, Fan Xu, Hao Wu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SARATHI: Decoupled Data-Free Probing and Adaptive Reconstruction for Structured LLM Pruning

Structured pruning reduces the inference cost of large language models (LLMs) by permanently removing neurons and weight rows, yielding dense, hardware-agnostic speedup. Existing post-training methods couple neuron selection and weight reconstruction through a shared calibration dataset, introducing domain bias and out...

Sankar Behera, Dhruv Singh, Satyadev Ahlawat et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CacheLink: Functional KV Transport for Zero-Prefill Cross-Model Context Handoff

KV caches make long-context serving efficient by reusing past computation, but model switching breaks this reuse and forces the receiver to prefill the context again. We study \emph{zero-prefill cross-model context handoff}: translating a sender cache into a receiver-compatible state so that the receiver can continue d...

Haomiao Qiu, Yining Tang, Zijia Song et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BridgeCodec: Mamba Enhanced Neural Audio Codec with Schr\"odinger Bridge at Low Bitrate

Neural audio codecs achieve remarkable performance but operate as closed ecosystems with rigidly co-trained encoderdecoder pairs, severely hindering interoperability. To resolve this, we propose BridgeCodec, a versatile framework that decouples these pairs by translating latent representations between mismatched, froze...

Zijian Lin, Jing Yang, Jinghao Luo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

World Modeling through Spectral Alignment

How do we tell a world model what information to preserve? We study this question through the lens of spectral representation learning. We introduce SpecWM, a JEPA framework that explicitly specifies desired relationships between observations through a target similarity kernel and trains the encoder to reproduce those...

Holger Molin, William Peng, Marco Bagatella et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

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