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12,457 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LadderEdit: Edit-Level Residual Compression for Memory-Efficient Lifelong Editing of LLMs

Lifelong editing of LLMs requires storing thousands of edits after acquisition. A widely used family of approaches attaches one LoRA adapter per edit, which preserves behavior but grows linearly in storage. To address this challenge, we propose LadderEdit, a method that compresses each LoRA adapter after it is acquired...

Xiaobing Yu, Peijie Qiu, Jin Yang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Accelerating Non-Smooth and Heavy-Tailed Sampling

Anchored Langevin dynamics (ALD) is useful for non-smooth sampling where the density of the target distribution is possibly non-differentiable and heavy-tailed; reflected anchored Langevin dynamics (RALD) can sample possibly non-differentiable target density on a constrained domain. In this paper, we propose and study...

Pervez Ali, Xiaoyu Wang, Yingli Wang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Can a System-One LLM Perform Knowledge Tracing When Few or No Learners Are Logged?

Knowledge tracing (KT) models need many logged learners, so a new course or platform starts without a usable model. In LLM-based KT the LLM generates the answer, which we call System-Two; it is either fine-tuned on the target data or reasons and votes over ten samples, which is slow and gives coarse probabilities. We a...

Unggi Lee, Haeun Park · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Lapras: Latent Reasoning for Time Series Language Models

Time Series Language Models (TSLMs) offer a promising path toward time series understanding by reasoning over temporal signals and producing natural language answers and explanations. A common approach is Chain-of-Thought (CoT), which generates step-by-step rationales linking relevant signal patterns to final answers....

Yuliang Chen, Yu Yvonne Wu, Patrick Langer et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A General $\widetilde{\Omega}(\sqrt{T \gamma_T})$ Lower Bound for Kernel Bandits

The kernel bandit problem consists of sequentially optimizing an unknown function with noisy feedback, where the function has bounded norm in a given Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS). A central quantity in the regret analysis of kernel bandits is the maximum information gain $\gamma_T$. In particular, the best e...

Chenkai Ma, Jonathan Scarlett · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning What to Trust in Multimodal Learning under Noisy Supervision

Multimodal classification processes and relates information from multiple modalities to achieve more accurate predictions. However, existing methods typically rely on high-quality ground-truth labels, which are difficult to obtain in real-world scenarios. While sample-selection methods for learning with noisy labels ai...

Jiashuo Zou, Xiaobo Xia · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FedAlphaEdit: Null-Space-Aligned Merging for Collaborative Knowledge Editing

Multiple institutions may each hold their own private knowledge edits and wish to integrate them into a single large language model without sharing raw edit requests. Null-space-constrained editing methods such as AlphaEdit mathematically guarantee that each update leaves unrelated knowledge intact, while collaborative...

Sota Sugawara, Yukihiko Okada · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Graph Neural Network for Global Daily Fire Radiative Power Prediction at Medium-Range Lead Times

Skillful prediction of biomass-burning activity several days in advance is important for air-quality forecasting and aerosol prediction. Two operational constraints motivate this work. First, the GBBEPx satellite fire radiative power (FRP) product used to initialize NOAA's GEFS-Aerosols is available with about a 1.5-da...

Li Zhang, Jun Wang, Isidora Jankov et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reconstruction of Multiscale Plasma Dynamics Across Operating Regimes

Reconstructing spatially resolved plasma dynamics from few sensors is essential for diagnostics, reduced-order modelling and control, yet remains difficult because the sparse measurements incompletely constrain multiscale, regime-dependent degrees of freedom. The Shallow Recurrent Decoder (SHRED) partially addresses sp...

Maryam Reza, Farbod Faraji · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Region-Aware CLS Token Augmentation for Fine-Grained Image Retrieval

Image retrieval methods often rely on a single global semantic descriptor extracted from an image, e.g., the [CLS] token in vision transformers. However, trying to squeeze all the semantic information of an image into a single descriptor can hurt downstream retrieval performance, especially for fine-grained retrieval t...

Ian de Holanda Cavalcanti Bezerra, Vivek Trivedy, Lucas Pascotti Valem et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Omni-Diffusion-Distill: Few-Step Distillation of Unified Multimodal Diffusion Large Language Models

Unified multimodal diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer a single architecture for both image generation and multimodal understanding, but their iterative decoding requires tens to hundreds of forward passes. Existing few-step distillation methods largely focus on either image generation or text generation, mak...

Hong Huang, Chenhongyi Yang, Junzhe Sun et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AI4Fire: Evaluating Large Language Models on Wildfire Tasks

Large language models (LLMs) are entering wildfire management, where overstated evaluations can cost property and lives. How do they perform on wildfire tasks, with and without grounding? Bare means a model receives the task input alone. Grounded means it also receives one task-specific addition: for smoke detection, a...

Yue Zhao, Xiyang Hu, Zuobin Xiong et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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