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12,815 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond the Semicircle: Free Diffusion Models with Prescribed Equilibria

A growing class of machine-learning objects -- covariance and Gram matrices, kernel and attention matrices, MIMO channel matrices, density operators -- are naturally spectra rather than coordinate vectors. Building a denoising diffusion model for such data by corrupting eigenvalues coordinatewise is not merely elegant:...

Swagatam Das · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Qubit-centric Transformer for Surface Code Decoding

For reliable large-scale quantum computation, quantum error correction (QEC) is essential to protect logical information distributed across multiple physical qubits. Taking advantage of recent advances in deep learning, neural network-based decoders have emerged as a promising approach to improve the reliability of QEC...

Seong-Joon Park, Hee-Youl Kwak, Yongjune Kim · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DRtool: An Interactive Tool for Analyzing High-Dimensional Clusterings

When faced with new data, we often conduct a cluster analysis to obtain a better understanding of the data's structure and the archetypical samples present in the data. However, the increases in data complexity and dimensionality have made this step very tricky. The large proportion of noise in high-dimensional data bl...

Justin Lin, Julia Fukuyama · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Breaking the Mirror: Activation-Based Mitigation of Self-Preference in LLM Evaluators

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as automated evaluators, yet they suffer from "self-preference bias": a tendency to favor their own outputs over those of other models. This bias undermines fairness and reliability in evaluation pipelines, particularly for tasks like preference tuning and model routing....

Dani Roytburg, Matthew Bozoukov, Matthew Nguyen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Practical Feasibility of Gradient Inversion Attacks in Federated Learning

Gradient inversion attacks are often presented as a serious privacy threat in federated learning, with recent work reporting increasingly strong reconstructions under favorable experimental settings. However, it remains unclear whether such attacks are feasible in modern, performance-optimized systems deployed in pract...

Viktor Valadi, Lucas Beerens, Mattias {\AA}kesson et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AEGIS: Runtime-Guided GPU Collocation for Multi-Tenant Deep Learning Training

Deep learning training commonly runs on shared multi-tenant GPU servers, where exclusive allocation provides isolation but can leave resources underutilized and increase queueing time. Collocation can improve efficiency, but interference-agnostic placement may cause severe slowdowns, while inaccurate memory information...

Ehsan Yousefzadeh-Asl-Miandoab, B\"u\c{s}ra Karatay Demiray, Florina M. Ciorba et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PuzzleJAX: A Benchmark for Reasoning and Learning

We introduce PuzzleJAX, a GPU-accelerated puzzle game engine and description language designed to support rapid benchmarking of tree search, reinforcement learning, and LLM reasoning abilities. Unlike existing GPU-accelerated learning environments that provide hard-coded implementations of fixed sets of games, PuzzleJA...

Sam Earle, Graham Todd, Yuchen Li et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Improving Mixup Calibration with Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization

In many real-world applications, ensuring the robustness and stability of deep neural networks (DNNs) is crucial, particularly for image classification tasks that encounter various input perturbations. While Mixup-based data augmentation techniques have been widely adopted to enhance the resilience of trained models ag...

Jiaming Hu, Yeping Jin, Debarghya Mukherjee et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Boosting Large Language Models with Mask Fine-Tuning

The large language model (LLM) is typically integrated into the mainstream optimization protocol. However, it remains underexplored whether maintaining the model integrity is \textit{indispensable} for promising performance. In this work, we introduce Mask Fine-Tuning (MFT), a novel LLM fine-tuning paradigm demonstrati...

Mingyuan Zhang, Yue Bai, Huan Wang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large Language Models for Cryptocurrency Transaction Analysis: A Bitcoin Case Study

Cryptocurrencies are widely used, yet current methods for analyzing transactions often rely on opaque, black-box models. While these models may achieve high performance, their outputs are usually difficult to interpret and adapt, making it challenging to capture nuanced behavioral patterns. Large language models (LLMs)...

Yuchen Lei, Yuexin Xiang, Rafael Dowsley et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Identifiability Analysis of Linear ODE Systems with Hidden Confounders

The identifiability analysis of linear Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) systems is a necessary prerequisite for making reliable causal inferences about these systems. While identifiability has been well studied in scenarios where the system is fully observable, the conditions for identifiability remain unexplored w...

Yuanyuan Wang, Biwei Huang, Wei Huang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Explanations Compete: Policy-Aware Selection Under Uncertainty

Uncertainty-aware explanation methods often produce several alternatives for the same prediction. Selecting among them requires a policy for balancing prediction confidence, uncertainty, and application constraints. This paper presents a framework for applying such policies to a fixed set of generated explanations. Can...

Helena L\"ofstr\"om, Tuwe L\"ofstr\"om, Johan Hallberg Szabadvary · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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