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large language models

2,212 papers

#artificial intelligence Book Open access Sep 2026

SABRINAL EL-RAKHAWI DOCUMENT: CONSCIOUSNESS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AND LAW Foundations: Biology, Mind, and Legal Systems

This foundational document explores the intersection of consciousness, artificial intelligence, and law through three comprehensive books. Book One traces biological evolution from primordial replicators to human consciousness, examining genetic engineering and legal personhood. Book Two investigates artificial intelli...

mohamed kamal arafa el-rakhawi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

qualembed: Embedding-Based Semantic Measurement and Calibration for Survey and Qualitative Text

A thin, auditable toolkit for measuring the meaning of nominal and narrative survey responses in the semantic space of large language model embeddings. One request layer over three commercial providers, an analysis layer of permutation-based statistics, and the displays the accompanying paper uses.

Toshizumi Muta · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Data and code for Privacy-Aware Personalized Scheduling of Behind-the-Meter Energy Storage via an Edge-Resident Large Language Model

This release contains the data, code, frozen forecast caches, experiment protocols, and formal RK3588 results supporting the manuscript “Privacy-Aware Personalized Scheduling of Behind-the-Meter Energy Storage via an Edge-Resident Large Language Model”. Version 1.3.0 adds forecast-error bounds calibrated from a disjoin...

Sicheng Huang, Guangyi Zhang, Ruihan Xu et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Cosmological Continuity Presentism (CCP): A Generative Spacetime Ontology Compatible with General Relativity

Cosmological Continuity Presentism (CCP) develops a presentist interpretation of relativistic spacetime in which reality exists only in the present while progressing through continuous causal-temporal evolution. Rather than treating spacetime as a completed four-dimensional block, CCP interprets reality as a continuous...

Palin, Jr., Jeffrey Robert · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Bounding the Machine: A Cross-Case Study of Governed Autonomy in Five Enterprise Agentic Systems

Agentic systems built on large language models (LLMs) are entering regulated enterprise work faster than the theory that would tell us how their autonomy should be bounded. The presented study addresses that gap through an interpretive cross-case analysis of five agentic applications the author designed and built for a...

Swapnil M. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Measuring Consensus Across Language Models and the Limits of Normative Interpretation

Version 2.2.1. A pre-registered relational measurement of where large language models agree. Three registered hypotheses on seven deployments across five vendor families are supported: all-model consensus is rarer than a pooled-marginal independence baseline predicts; it concentrates where one option instantiates a cod...

Toeda Taiko · 0 citations
#large language models Review Open access Sep 2026

Judgment Cost Theory, Study 2 — Replication and Audit Archive: When Automation Concentrates Judgment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Residual Decision Difficulty and Oversight Burden Following AI Adoption

Version 2.3 (21 September 2026). No content changed between 2.2 and 2.3. Every file, hash and result is identical. This version exists only to correct the file list: version 2.2 was published carrying both the superseded v2.1 archive and the current one, because Zenodo copies prior files into a new-version draft by def...

West Jason · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

An Autonomous Agentic Query Framework with MCP Tools and Modernized NIST SRD-46 for Accelerating Aqueous Speciation Analysis

Large language models (LLMs) could automate reasoning over structured scientific databases in chemistry and materials science, but this requires purpose-built agentic architectures, not simply better models. We present an agentic workflow for systematically querying and extracting data from the NIST Standard Reference...

Yunkai0825, Adwaith Ravichandran, Hassan Harb et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Nature and Nurture in a Language Model: Installable Value Fields, Intrinsic Capacity, and the Forward-Consolidation Boundary

Behavioural Friction Theory decomposes the forces that govern a bounded decision system into four cognitive fields — Safety, Meaning, Ability, Effort. Are these fields intrinsic to a substrate, or the generic product of its exposure to experience? This paper uses a large language model as a controllable test substrate...

Tomas Pødenphant Lund · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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