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data science

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#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Mode Coverage in Normalizing Flow Boltzmann Generators via Log-Ratio Variation

The log-ratio variation $\X_\omega$, the mean absolute pairwise difference of the target-to-pushforward log-density ratio under a weighting measure under a weighting measure, is introduced and used to define KLXX, a new loss function and the Fisher--Rao gradient flow of KLXX is derived, where both variations contribute...

Qi-Han Feng, Rong-Jie Lai, Di Qi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

MiNCE: Nonparametric, Strongly Consistent Confidence Envelopes for Band-Limited Functions and their Smoothed Spectra

Minimum-norm confidence envelope strategies offer a nonparametric approach to constructing nonasymptotic, simultaneous confidence regions for band-limited functions, exploiting the theory of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS). While the finite-sample coverage guarantees of these envelopes have been established, t...

Bal\'azs Csan\'ad Cs\'aji, B\'alint Horv\'ath · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Tensor Network Moral Graph Recovery of Discrete Probability Distributions

We present a method for recovering the moral graph of a causal DAG from a probability distribution over discrete variables, using fully connected tensor networks (FCTNs) with nuclear-norm-regularized bond corrections. Each bond matrix is parameterized as a baseline all-ones matrix plus a low-rank correction $C_{ij} = U...

\'A. Troyano Olivas, Chi-Hang Fred Fung, Hans H. Brunner et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

CAST: Canonical Approximate Schur Tree for Approximate Cholesky on Graphs

CAST (Canonical Approximate Schur Tree) is introduced, which replaces this clique with a weighted random spanning tree sampled directly from it, and it is proved that its leverage-score marginals minimize the largest normalized reweighted-edge contribution among unbiased inverse-marginal one-tree estimators.

Meher Chaitanya, Cameron Musco, A. Gionis · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

A Subsampled Davis-Kahan Bound for Large-Scale Eigenspace Estimation

The Davis-Kahan theorem is a fundamental tool in spectral analysis, providing quantitative control over the distance between the eigenspaces of a symmetric matrix and its perturbation. However, when the matrix dimension is large, computing leading eigenvectors is computationally expensive, limiting the practical use of...

Huan Qing · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

A positive resolution of the gap-entropy conjecture

We prove the gap-entropy conjecture for fixed-confidence best-arm identification with independent unit-variance Gaussian arms, means in $[0,1]$, and a unique optimal arm. For each suboptimal arm $i$, let $\Delta_i=\mu_*-\mu_i$ be its gap from the optimal mean, and write $H=\sum_{i\ne *}\Delta_i^{-2}$. Let $p_r$ be the...

P. M. Aronow, Nathan Kallus, Patrick Lopatto · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

An Exponential Deterministic--Randomized Gap in ERM-Oracle Complexity for Thresholds on an Unknown Order

Attias, Hanneke and Ramaswami (NeurIPS 2025) asked whether randomization provably reduces the oracle calls needed for online learning when the class is accessible only through an oracle. We study the instance they singled out: transductive online learning of thresholds on an unknown total order of T instances, with a c...

Xuan Li · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Beyond Conventional Federated Learning via High-Order Regularization

HiFedProx is introduced, which replaces the quadratic penalty with a scale-matched power-type regularizer indexed by p, and combines this geometry with finite-budget stochastic client optimization and same-minibatch Armijo backtracking.

Alireza Kabgani, Masoud Ahookhosh · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Muon-C: Operator-Aligned Muon for Convolutional Kernels

Muon-C is introduced, an operator-aligned optimizer that represents kernel momentum as frequency-wise channel-transfer matrices, polarizes these blocks independently, and uses a critical Fourier grid to return updates exactly to the original finite kernel support.

Jia-Xin Qing, Lexin Li · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Tensor-Train Weak SINDy: Identifying High-Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamics

Weak Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (WSINDy) provides a noise-robust approach for learning dynamical systems from data without requiring numerical differentiation. However, for high-dimensional systems, tensor-product libraries of candidate functions grow exponentially with the state dimension, making stan...

W. Houser, Vanja Dukic, David M. Bortz · 0 citations
#machine learning Review Sep 2026

Accountable and uncertainty-aware evaluation of sensor-based AI under distribution shift: devices, subjects, and nearly three years underground

A staged, accountable evaluation protocol that treats the evaluation of a deployed model as a measurement with declared reference levels and a quantified uncertainty and demonstrates the protocol on infrastructure-free geomagnetic localisation with smartphone-based recurrent classifiers in two real underground mines.

Benny Platte, Rico Thomanek, Christian Roschke et al. · 0 citations

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