We study the uniform approximation of smooth scalar-valued functionals on an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space by deep ReLU neural networks. Writing the functional input as $X(t)=\sum_{d\geq1}\xi_d\nu_d(t)$, we quantify the importance of coordinate $d$ through $w_ds_d$, where $s_d$ bounds the magnitude of th...
Conformal counterfactual prediction constructs prediction sets with finite-sample coverage guarantees for counterfactual outcomes and individual treatment effects under the no-interference assumption. In this work, we relax this assumption by allowing each unit's potential outcomes to depend on other units'treatments a...
Two algorithms, MAGE and SPELL, suited for reconstruction and attribution respectively, are presented, that run on existing metagradient machinery at no extra cost and demonstrate strong performance over existing baselines across training scales and measurement budgets.
Yu-Xi Chen, Hamza Golubovic, Han Tong et al.· 0 citations
For constant-stepsize stochastic approximation (SA), the iterates converge in distribution to a stationary law that depends on the stepsize $\alpha.$ Steady-state convergence (SSC) concerns the limit of the scaled stationary distribution as $\alpha \downarrow 0.$ Existing SSC theory requires i.i.d. or additive noise an...
Yi-Xuan Zhang, Qiao-Min Xie· 1 citation
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FUSHAP is proposed, a method that leverages partially-observed auxiliary sites to reduce the variance of a preliminary single-site Shapley estimate without imputation and reduces MSE on multi-site air quality and multi-center clinical data.
Siqi Li, Wang-Xuan Fan, Yi-Ming Li et al.· 0 citations
This paper introduces a novel framework for Regularized Multivariate Functional Principal Component Analysis (ReMFPCA) via Functional Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The proposed method extends existing MFPCA approaches by incorporating a generalized functional SVD within a Hilbert space framework, enabling simulta...
Yue Zhao, Hossein Haghbin, Rebecca Sanders et al.· 0 citations
This work proposes a paradigm shift from inversion-based inference to a direct matrix constraint framework, which is used to define a joint confidence region and extract marginal intervals via linear programming, deriving provably tighter bounds for importance weights while maintaining exact finite-sample validity.
Constraining reaction rate coefficients is a central challenge in the development of explicit atmospheric chemical mechanisms, particularly for autoxidation systems where many reaction pathways are only indirectly observed through high-resolution mass spectrometry. In this study, we evaluate rate-coefficient optimisati...
Valery Ashu, W. Peng, Zhi-Song Liu et al.· 0 citations
Multi-Source Randomly Localized Conformal Prediction is proposed, which builds on the local coverage properties of randomly localized conformal prediction and extends it to multiple sources through data-adaptive source selection and establishes finite-sample coverage bounds using an interpretable notion of envelope dis...
It is proved that an alternating Riemannian gradient scheme converges to a basin saddle point of the penalized DRO problem, recovering the linear and polynomial rates of the abstract theory with all constants explicit in terms of data dimension, loss moments, and the reference covariance.
Rishabh Dixit, Pranav Upadrashta, Alexander Cloninger· 0 citations
We derive exact local responses for attention interventions, allowing candidate edits to be scored from a cached baseline and one backward pass. The starting point is the RoPE derivative $\partial_p z(p) = A z(p)$: its integral gives the finite positional displacement, which we carry through the softmax without lineari...
Julie Huang, Maggie Chlon, G. Gutin et al.· 0 citations
Variable importance scores from tree-based methods such as random forests favor continuous predictors over categorical ones. We present a theoretical analysis of this bias and propose a simple remedy: add a small amount of noise to each categorical predictor. The correction is demonstrated on a variety of simulated and...
Learn how Google DeepMind and GovTech Singapore uses lightweight on-device Gemma models to intercept conversational scams in private chats with zero cloud data egress.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 8, 2026