An inference budget is useful only when the system delivers an answer within it. We study a fixed-budget policy combining first-valid-box stopping with a charged finalization cue. On 100 fresh, independently audited GSM8K test questions per model, it improves delivered endpoint accuracy over first-box stopping by 8.0 p...
Yu-Peng Chang, Lin-Yuan Gao, Zhiyuan Li et al.· 0 citations
Direct-decision models enable efficient classification and evaluation by selecting from predefined candidates, but their reliability depends on more than prediction accuracy. Across 40 datasets and nine models from the JEV, KEV, and StartLux Decision families, we identify a systematic tendency to underuse ordinal ratin...
Tian-Xiang Gao, Jin-Zhe Li, Zhiyuan Li et al.· 3 citations
CaSKG, a counterfactual-causal skill graph framework that calibrates procedural relations before retrieval, is proposed, position edge-confidence calibration as an effective route to compact and executable skill retrieval at scale.
Zhiyuan Li, Lin-Yuan Gao, Xue-Chun Ding et al.· 3 citations
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