Background: Green gram (Vigna radiata L.) is an important short-duration pulse crop, and its improvement requires reliable information on parental combining ability and the gene action governing yield-related traits.
Aims: The study aims to assess combining ability and gene action for agronomic traits using a line × tester mating design in green gram (Vigna radiata L.).
Study Design: Line × tester mating design.
Place and Duration of Study: Experimental Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Latur, during the summer season of 2025–26.
Methodology: A line × tester mating framework comprising three female lines (TAKM-140, PANT-M-5 and SML-668), seven male testers (BMB-2302, BMB-2311, BMB-2314, BMB-2315, BPMR-32, BPMR-48 and BPMR-93) and one standard check variety (BM-2003-2) was used to develop 21 cross combinations. The 21 hybrids, their ten parents and the check variety were evaluated. Field observations were recorded for ten quantitative traits: days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g).
Results: Combining ability analysis identified PANT-M-5 and testers BMB-2314, BMB-2315 and BPMR-32 as effective general combiners for seed yield and earliness. The crosses TAKM-140 × BMB-2302, PANT-M-5 × BPMR-32 and SML-668 × BMB-2311 showed significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects for seed yield per plant. Gene action analysis indicated that specific combining ability variance (\(σ^2_{SCA}\)) exceeded general combining ability variance (\(σ^2_{GCA}\)) for all evaluated traits. Furthermore, the variance ratio (\(σ^2_{SCA}\)/\(σ^2_{GCA}\)) was less than unity for all traits.
Conclusion: The findings indicated a predominance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of the evaluated agronomic traits. Breeding approaches such as biparental mating or recurrent selection in early segregating generations may therefore be used to exploit this non-additive variance for crop improvement.
P. R. Khandwe, P. Wadikar, S. Sakthivel et al.· Plant cell biotechnology and...· 0 citations
Spodoptera litura is a destructive and widely distributed insect pest responsible for considerable crop damage and substantial yield reduction. The extensive use of synthetic insecticides has adversely affected natural enemies and poses significant risks to human health and environmental safety. Consequently, botanical pesticides have emerged as potential alternatives in sustainable and organic agriculture because of their environmentally compatible characteristics and increasing consumer preference for residue-free agricultural produce. Anisomeles malabarica, an aromatic perennial herb characterised by dense pubescence, is known to possess a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites. The present investigation evaluated the insecticidal potential of acetone leaf extract of A. malabarica against S. litura. Among the tested fractions, acetone elution 3 exhibited the highest pupal malformation (55.56%) and pupal mortality (44.44%). The same treatment produced the lowest pupal weight (0.19 g), representing a reduction of 63.40%, and the shortest pupal length (1.20 cm), representing a reduction of 21.57%. Similar observations were obtained during confirmatory screening, in which acetone elution 3 produced the lowest pupal weight (0.21 g), with a reduction of 61.11%, and the shortest pupal length (1.22 cm), with a reduction of 21.79%. Phytochemical analysis of the acetone leaf extract revealed the presence of tannins (1.32 ± 0.12) and saponins (1.11 ± 0.09), whereas flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids were not detected. The findings of the present study indicate the potential of A. malabarica leaf extract as a botanical source for the eco-friendly management of S. litura.
S. Sakthivel, M. Kandibane· Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoo...· 0 citations
Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important oilseed crop in which improvement of seed yield depends on the availability of genetic variability and the identification of useful yield-associated traits. The present investigation was undertaken to assess genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path relationships for ten quantitative traits in 40 linseed genotypes. The experiment was conducted during rabi 2024–2025 at the College of Agriculture, Latur, Maharashtra, India, in a randomised block design with two replications. The traits evaluated included days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight, oil content, harvest index, and seed yield per plant. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the assessed traits.The recalculated estimates showed that GCV ranged from 4.61% for days to maturity to 22.15% for number of branches per plant, while PCV ranged from 5.14% for harvest index to 22.53% for number of branches per plant. Broad-sense heritability ranged from 63.06% for days to maturity to 98.24% for harvest index. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was highest for number of branches per plant (44.86%), followed by oil content (35.74%), 1000-seed weight (28.49%), number of capsules per plant (26.80%), number of seeds per capsule (26.16%) and seed yield per plant (25.96%). At the genotypic level, seed yield showed positive associations with number of branches per plant (0.7118), number of capsules per plant (0.7044), number of seeds per capsule (0.7265), plant height (0.0073) and 1000-seed weight (0.0141). The reported path analysis indicated positive direct effects of number of seeds per capsule (0.8083) and number of capsules per plant (0.3397) at the genotypic level, while number of branches per plant showed a high positive direct effect at the phenotypic level (1.6152). Thus, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsule may be considered important selection criteria for improving seed yield under the present experimental conditions. The study was conducted at one location in one season; therefore, further multi-location and multi-season evaluation is necessary.
P. Talekar, P. Wadikar, P. D. Adhao et al.· Plant cell biotechnology and...· 0 citations
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